We consider the view data lineage problem in a warehousing environment For a given data item in a materialized warehouse view we want to identify the set of source data items that produced the view item We formalize the problem and we present a lineage tracing algorithm for relational views with aggregation Based on our tracing algorithm we propose a number of schemes for storing auxiliary view...

The analysis of mitochondrial D-loop sequences (408 bp) from 145 Lusitano founder mares yielded a total of 27 different haplotypes. The distribution of these mtDNA sequences was quite unequal, with the three most frequent ones representing 56.5% of all the Lusitano founder mares and 14 haplotypes (51.9%) being rare variants found only once in the sampling. Four main haplotype clusters were pres...

Fetal cells circulate in pregnant women and persist in blood and tissue for decades post-partum. The mother thus becomes chimeric. Factors that may influence such fetal cell microchimerism include histocompatibility, fetal or placental abnormalities, or a reproductive history that includes miscarriage or elective termination. Fetal cell microchimerism is associated with some maternal autoimmune...

INTRODUCTION The generation of different cell types during embryonic development is thought to be mediated by the combined activity of cytoplasmic factors (determinants), which are localized in the egg, and inductive interactions, which occur between different embryonic cells and tissues. Ascidians, animals that exhibit rapid and exceptionally autonomous development (reviewed by Jeffery, 1985),...

The concept of ‘community’ has a deep genealogy, extending from the classical social science literature of the nineteenth century to its wide and confused employment in policy contexts and textual analyses discourses. This paper will focus on one aspect of community whose lineage extends theoretically from the communal concept of a ‘consciousness of kind’. In the desert community of Mt Liebig, ...

Waldsteinia is a small plant genus inhabiting the temperate regions of Northern Hemisphere. According to latest revisions, included in Geum. We have obtained phylogenetic reconstruction based on nuclear (ITS) and plastid (trnL-trnF) DNA understand structure its relationships with other taxa Geum s.l. Phylogenetic analysis joint ITS + trnL-trnF dataset demonstrated monophyly. The species were be...

Cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) in plants is usually associated with the expression of specific chimeric regions within rearranged mitochondrial genomes. Maize CMS-S plants express high amounts of a 1.6-kb mitochondrial RNA during microspore maturation, which is associated with the observed pollen abortion. This transcript carries two chimeric open reading frames, orf355 and orf77, both unique...

Deep-sea clams of the family Vesicomyidae live in symbiosis with intracellular chemosynthetic bacteria. These symbionts are transmitted maternally (vertically) between host generations and should therefore show a pattern of genetic variation paralleling that of the cotransmitted host mitochondrion. However, instances of lateral (nonvertical) symbiont acquisition could still occur, thereby decou...

The Jinchuan yak is a new yak population identified in Sichuan, China. This population has a special anatomical characteristic: an additional pair of ribs compared with other yak breeds. The genetic structure of this population is unknown. In the present study, we investigated the maternal phylogeny of this special yak population using the mitochondrial DNA variation. A total of 23 Jinchuan yak...