Medical robotics is an exciting and relatively new field. Robotics plays an important role in medical engineering. Medical robots were initially used in the 1980s, in the field of urology. Robotic arms were developed and used for prostate resection. They can also be highly specialized and assist in diagnosing and treating patients. While there is still much more work to be done, using robots ca...

This paper proposes a new method for obtaining a linear quadratic Gaussian (LQG) benchmark in terms of the variances of process input and output from closed-loop data, for assessing the controller performance. LQG benchmark has been proposed in the literature to assess controller performance since the LQG tradeoff curve represents the limit of performance in terms of input and output variances....

We present a design of the girder to accommodate injection of 1133 MeV kinetic energy H− ions from the linac [1] into the LEB. This design is based on Colton and Thiessen’s design [2] for 600 MeV ions, and does not require a modification of the current [3] LEB lattice.

medical linear accelerators are one of the most widespread methods for cancer treatment. despite their advantages, unwanted photoneutrons are produced by high energy linacs. this photoneutrons are as undesired doses to patients and a significant problem for radiation protection of the staffs and patients. photoneutrons radiological risk must be evaluated because of their high let and range.in o...

Introduction: Radiation therapy is using the ionizing radiation to eliminate or minimize cancerous tissues. This method has been very much considered in recent years. Because of the high energy of the photons produced by the accelerator, it is necessary to protect the walls, roof and the floor of the treatment rooms using the concrete and leaden materials. One of these harmful ...

a time-of-flight mass spectrometer (tof-ms) developed in our laboratory at isfahan university of technology is described here. the tof-ms instrument uses laser as the ionization source which provides an opportunity to investigate the ions formed in laser ablation or desorption. the tof-ms has an ionization chamber containing an accelerator and an ion lens to focus the ions into a one meter line...

Techniques of aligning linear accelerators are discussed with specific reference to the alignment system of the two-mile accelerator. This system uses a "three-point" method by which a point which is to be aligned is brought into coincidence with the line as defined by its end points. The end _ points;ye a laser and a photo-el-ctril debecior. A rectangular Fresnel lens is 1oc;ted at each pc'nt ...

A mutant strain that secretes twice as much cellulase as its parent was obtained by irradiating conidia of Trichoderma viride QM 6a with a linear accelerator.