zuc/MitoPLD encodes a conserved enzyme that localizes to mitochondria and hydrolyzes the mitochondria-specific lipid cardiolipin. Surprisingly, zuc/MitoPLD activity is required for Piwi-interacting RNA (piRNA)-mediated silencing of transposable elements in fly and mouse germlines, suggesting that signaling from mitochondria influences the piRNA pathway.

While generalized abstract datatypes (GADT) are now considered well-understood, adding them to a language with a notion of subtyping comes with a few surprises. What does it mean for a GADT parameter to be covariant? The answer turns out to be quite subtle. It involves fine-grained properties of the subtyping relation that raise interesting design questions. We allow variance annotations in GAD...

Retrograde trafficking mediates the transport of endocytic membranes from endosomes to the trans-Golgi network (TGN). Dysregulation of these pathways can result in multiple ailments, including late-onset Alzheimer disease. One of the key retrograde transport regulators, the retromer complex, is tightly controlled by many factors, including the C-terminal Eps15 homology domain (EHD) proteins. Th...

H edgehog protein and its receptor are made for each other, but even this perfect couple needs a little help to get together. Li et al. (1) reveal that a proteoglycan plays cupid for the molecules and sparks signal transduction through the Hedgehog pathway, a mechanism exploited by a type of childhood cancer. During development, Hedgehog proteins are sculptors, helping to mold the embryo’s limb...

Despite weighing in at less than eight ounces, the total number of microbial cells that are in a human body outnumbers our own cells by a factor of ten. Less than 1% of these foreign species within can be cultured, so their identification has relied on next-generation sequencing techniques used, for instance, on PCR-amplified 16S rRNA contained within the various niches of the human body and ne...

Eugenio G. Omodeo, Alberto Policriti, Alexandru I. Tomescu 1 Dipartimento di Matematica e Geoscienze, Università di Trieste, Via Valerio 12/1, I-34127 – Trieste, Italy. email: [email protected] 2 Dipartimento di Matematica e Informatica, Università di Udine, Via delle Scienze 206, I-33100 – Udine, Italy. email: [email protected] 3 Helsinki Institute for Information Technology HIIT, Depa...

While generalized algebraic datatypes (GADTs) are now considered well-understood, adding them to a language with a notion of subtyping comes with a few surprises. What does it mean for a GADT parameter to be covariant? The answer turns out to be quite subtle. It involves fine-grained properties of the subtyping relation that raise interesting design questions. We allow variance annotations in G...

The closure test MCT (meet-in-the-middle closure test) was introduced to analyze the algebraic properties of cryptosystems [KaRiSh]. Since MCT needs a large amount of memory, it is hard to implement with an ordinary meet-in-the-middle method. As a feasible version of MCT, this paper presents a switching closure test S C T which based on a new memoryless meet-in-the-middle method. To achieve the...

This paper describes our participation in the TREC 2010 Blog Track. For the Top Stories Identification Task, we explore the relationship among news events, news stories and blog posts. We first extract important news events from the TRC2 corpus using a probabilistic mixture model. Then, we propose a probabilistic approach to identify top news stories. Furthermore, we use an additional feature t...