BACKGROUND In 2009, Chinese government launched a new healthcare reform, one of the key points of which is to establish National Essential Medicine System (NEMS). Hospital pharmacists are directly related to the implementation of NEMS. This study is to examine knowledge of and attitudes towards the implementation of the NEMS among hospital pharmacists in western China. METHODS We conducted a ...

We report a versatile all optical technique to excite and read-out a distributed nanoelectromechanical systems (NEMS) array. The NEMS array is driven by a distributed, intensity modulated optical pump through the photothermal effect. The ensuing vibrational response of the array is multiplexed onto a single probe beam in the form of a high frequency phase modulation. The phase modulation is opt...

Affinity-based micro/nanosensors intended for detection of various chemical or biological agents in a liquid or gaseous environment have a great potential for both civilian and military applications. Selective detection of a target substance is based on highly specific binding of its particles to the functionalized surface of the sensing element. However, samples taken from the environment ofte...

In this work we study the feasibility to obtain the smallest CMOS-NEMS resonator using a sub-100 nm CMOS technology. The NEMS resonators are defined in a top-down approach using the available layers of the 65 nm CMOS technology from ST Microelectronics. A combination of dry and wet etching is developed in order to release the NEMS in an in-house post-CMOS process. Two different NEMS resonators ...

We propose a scheme to measure the mass of a single particle using the nonlinear response of a 2D nanoresonator with degenerate eigenmodes. Using numerical and analytical calculations, we show that by driving a square graphene nanoresonator into the nonlinear regime, simultaneous determination of the mass and position of an added particle is possible. Moreover, this scheme only requires measure...

Miniaturized gas chromatography (GC) systems can provide fast, quantitative analysis of chemical vapors in an ultrasmall package. We describe a chemical sensor technology based on resonant nanoelectromechanical systems (NEMS) mass detectors that provides the speed, sensitivity, specificity, and size required by the microscale GC paradigm. Such NEMS sensors have demonstrated detection of subpart...

Nested effects models (NEMs) are a class of probabilistic models that were designed to reconstruct a hidden signalling structure from a large set of observable effects caused by active interventions into the signalling pathway. We give a more flexible formulation of NEMs in the language of Bayesian networks. Our framework constitutes a natural generalization of the original NEM model, since it ...

We have developed arrays of nanomechanical systems (NEMS) by large-scale integration, comprising thousands of individual nanoresonators with densities of up to 6 million NEMS per square centimeter. The individual NEMS devices are electrically coupled using a combined series-parallel configuration that is extremely robust with respect to lithographical defects and mechanical or electrostatic-dis...

Development of efficient and sensitive motion transducers for arrays of nanoelectromechanical systems (NEMS) is important for fundamental research as well as for technological applications. Here, we report a single-wire nanomechanical transducer interface, which relies upon near-field optomechanical interactions. This multiplexed transducer interface comes in the form of a single-mode fiber tap...

Abstract As the bridge between basic principles and applications of nanotechnology, nanofabrication methods play significant role in supporting development nanoscale science engineering, which is changing improving production lifestyle human. Photo lithography other alternative technologies, such as nanoimprinting, electron beam lithography, focused ion cutting, scanning probe have brought grea...