Allelopathic effects of aqueous extract of rhizomes of  Cynodon dactylon L. were studied on seed germination and seedling growth of three legume crops (Phaseolus vulgaris L., Pisum sativum L., and Vicia faba L.), three Labiatae species (Thymus vulgaris L., Melissa officinalis L., and Mentha spicata L.), and two species of Poaceae (Avena fatua L., Sorghum halepense L.). Seed germination of all L...

The establishment of living mulches in organic orchards could potentially improve the orchard biodiversity and, when specific plant species are selected, provide additional eco-services and functions, including adequate weed management. This study was conducted an organically managed apple Skierniewice (Poland) to assess effect two selected mulching species: Alchemilla vulgaris Mentha piperita....

Endozoochory is a mutualistic interaction between plants and animals. Such relationship has rarely been examined in the Eurasian otter Lutra lutra. This study aimed to assess use electivity of fruit by this carnivore, along with viability ingested seeds. Otter spraints were collected from River Bullaque (Guadiana basin, central Spain) June September 2018-2019. A high occurrence (> 40%) was foun...