Indonesian Food and Drug Supervisory Agency (BPOM) estimates that over 20 million incidences of poisoning occur yearly in Indonesia. In 2019, food was the cause 17 out 154 incidents Medan. This study aims to picturize safety practice among handlers at culinary merchants. Using a descriptive, cross-sectional study, total 52 samples were given survey with 35 questions regarding characteristic sam...

As measured by the pace of city growth in western Europe from 1000 to 1800, absolutist monarchs stunted the growth of commerce and industry. A region ruled by an absolutist prince saw its total urban population shrink by one hundred thousand people per century relative to a region without absolutist government. This might be explained by higher rates of taxation under revenue-maximizing absolut...

Given a set of reviews of products or merchants from a wide range of authors and several reviews websites, how can we measure the true quality of the product or merchant? How do we remove the bias of individual authors or sources? How do we compare reviews obtained from different websites, where ratings may be on different scales (1-5 stars, A/B/C, etc.)? How do we filter out unreliable reviews...

Rights have been long understood, first and foremost, as protection of the private from the public, the individual from the State. True, we also recognize positive rights (such as socioeconomic rights) and the government’s duty to protect citizens from violations of rights by other actors besides the State. However, when violations of privacy are discussed, the first violator that typically com...