The uncertainties related to atmospheric fields in the Arctic Ocean from commonly used and recently available reanalysis products are investigated. Fields from the 1) ECMWF Interim Re-Analysis (ERAInterim), 2) Common Ocean–Ice Reference Experiment version 2 (CORE2), 3) Japanese 25-yr Reanalysis Project (JRA-25), 4) NCEP–NCAR reanalysis, 5) NCEP Climate Forecast System Reanalysis (CFSR), and 6) ...

Sea surface hemispherical broadband emissivity (BBE, 8–13.5 μm) is a vital parameter for calculating surface radiation budgets. Such data are currently unavailable. This paper proposes a lookup table-based method for retrieving sea surface hemispherical BBE values. The physically-based sea surface emissivity model of Wu and Smith, together with the optimal refractive index, were used to generat...

In the coming years the geographical distribution of wind farms in Great Britain is expected to change significantly. Following the development of the “round 3” wind zones (circa 2025), most of the installed capacity will be located in large offshore wind farms. However, the impact of this change in wind-farm distribution on the characteristics of national wind generation is largely unknown. Th...

Abstract Radiosonde data are important for understanding and monitoring the upper troposphere lower stratosphere (UTLS) region. Over much of Africa, however, such lacking; consequently, African UTLS is understudied, potential proxies as climate models reanalysis products fail to fully capture behavior UTLS. This study pioneers use Global Navigation Satellite System‐Radio Occultation (GNSS‐RO) f...

Although the characteristics of traveling 10-day waves (10DWs) above middle stratosphere have been well explored, little research has performed on counterpart in troposphere and lower (TLS). In present study, we use radiosonde observations MERRA-2 data from 2020 to characterize 10DWs mid-latitudes TLS. Single-site both hemispheres show that strong 10DW activities are always accompanied by eastw...

Via combining aerosol vertical profiles from the Cloud-Aerosol Lidar and Infrared Pathfinder Satellite Observations (CALIPSO) assimilated multi-layer wind Modern-Era Retrospective analysis for Research Applications version 2 (MERRA-2), horizontal cross-boundary transport Edmonton-Calgary Corridor (ECC) during 2011–2017 was characterized on basis of extinction flux. The western northern boundari...

Satellite-derived aerosol optical depth (AOD) products are widely used to estimate the spatial and temporal characteristics of ground-level particulate matters (PM). Satellite-based approaches in operational use PM estimation models have limitations such as missing values satellite-based variables due impact cloud cover, relative humidity, vertical distribution. Therefore, spatial-temporal reso...

The nature of rammed earth fortifications and the environmental conditions where they are located determine pathologies that these structures suffer in presence humidity sources strong winds. objective this project is to revise main mechanisms deterioration evaluate use remote detection as a tool register threats affect their preservation. selected images satellite results offer information abo...