The world’s first cities emerged on the plains of Mesopotamia (modern Iraq and Syria) in the fourth millennium BC. Attempts to understand this settlement process have assumed revolutionary social change, the disappearance of kinship as a structuring principle, and the appearance of a rational bureaucracy. Most assume cities and state-level social organization were deliberate functional adaptati...

The world’s first cities emerged on the plains of Mesopotamia (modern Iraq and Syria) in the fourth millennium BC. Attempts to understand this settlement process have assumed revolutionary social change, the disappearance of kinship as a structuring principle, and the appearance of a rational bureaucracy. Most assume cities and state-level social organization were deliberate functional adaptati...

The world’s first cities emerged on the plains of Mesopotamia (modern Iraq and Syria) in the fourth millennium BC. Attempts to understand this settlement process have assumed revolutionary social change, the disappearance of kinship as a structuring principle, and the appearance of a rational bureaucracy. Most assume cities and state-level social organization were deliberate functional adaptati...

The world’s first cities emerged on the plains of Mesopotamia (modern Iraq and Syria) in the fourth millennium BC. Attempts to understand this settlement process have assumed revolutionary social change, the disappearance of kinship as a structuring principle, and the appearance of a rational bureaucracy. Most assume cities and state-level social organization were deliberate functional adaptati...

The world’s first cities emerged on the plains of Mesopotamia (modern Iraq and Syria) in the fourth millennium BC. Attempts to understand this settlement process have assumed revolutionary social change, the disappearance of kinship as a structuring principle, and the appearance of a rational bureaucracy. Most assume cities and state-level social organization were deliberate functional adaptati...

Those who observe the Mesopotamian civilization will find that this has several components, foremost of which stands diversity in many its fields, whether on architectural, artistic or written level, as well richness and abundance entirety data, perhaps a extended roots since man inhabited north Mesopotamia until The Islamic ages are worthy to stand at top hierarchical hierarchy rest other civi...

The article presents an outline of legal teaching in ancient Mesopotamia, with emphasis on the available sources and difficulties they present. Though our knowledge this topic is still fragmentary, for several periods scribal curriculum can be reconstructed, as well place education therein. innate conservatism Mesopotamian culture notwithstanding, it turns out that latter managed to produce sur...

The rise and fall of ancient societies have been attributed to rapid climate change events. One the most discussed these is 4.2kya event, a period increased aridity cooling posited as cause societal changes across globe, including collapse Akkadian Empire in Mesopotamia. Studies seeking correlate social climatic around event tended focus either on highly localized analyses specific sites or sur...

The Uruk Expansion, which took place during various phases throughout the 4th millennium BC, also developed in Northern Mesopotamia. In area of Birecik, eastern Turkey, on edge Euphrates, archaeological sites have been discovered, showing different expansion culture. We focus this study Surtepe site, a 8 ha settlement, where we distinguished possible Late Calcolithic 5 ritual building, phase th...