Metamorphic viruses transform their code as they propagate, thus evading detection by static signature-based virus scanners, while keeping their functionality. They use code obfuscation techniques to challenge deeper static analysis and can also beat dynamic analyzers, such as emulators, by altering their behavior. To achieve this, metamorphic viruses use several metamorphic transformations, in...

Matrices often represent important information in scientific applications and are involved in performing complex calculations. But systematically testing these applications is hard due to the oracle problem. Metamorphic testing is an effective approach to test such applications because it uses metamorphic relations to determine whether test cases have passed or failed. Metamorphic relations are...

Metamorphic testing enables the generation of test cases in the absence of an oracle by exploiting relations among different executions of the program under test, called metamorphic relations. In a recent survey, we observed a great variability in the way metamorphic relations are described, typically in an informal manner using natural language. We noticed that the lack of a standard mechanism...

Several ranges encompassing more than 35,000 km 2 of Sonora, Mexico, contain distinctly lineated and foliated granitic and metamorphic rocks that constitute the lower plates of metamorphic core complexes. Penetrative deformation is characterized by gently dipping mylonitic foliation across which northeast trending stretching lineation is everywhere developed. Prominent northwest trending fractu...

Seven structural units with distinct kinematics have been recognized in the northwestern Dabie Shan (114°E– 115°E and 31°N–32°N), east-central China. They are, from north to south: (1) the north-verging Mafan fold belt (MFB) involving early Paleozoic metamorphic rocks; (2) the Liangting melange belt (LMB), which is separated from the MFB by a south-dipping thrust and consists of gneissic and ma...

There are two fundamental limitations in software testing, known as the reliable test set problem and the oracle problem. Fault-based testing is an attempt by Morell to alleviate the reliable test set problem. In this paper, we propose to enhance fault-based testing to alleviate the oracle problem as well. We present an integrated method that combines metamorphic testing with fault-based testin...

A novel metamorphic anthropomorphic hand is for the first time introduced in this paper. This robotic hand has a reconfigurable palm that generates changeable topology and augments dexterity and versatility of the hand. Structure design of the robotic hand is presented and based on mechanism decomposition kinematics of the metamorphic anthropomorphic hand is characterized with closed-form solut...

The Kamieniec Metamorphic Belt belongs to the Variscan of Europe as NE part Bohemian Massif. It comprises a supracrustal succession dominated by micaschists that has not been yet recognized high-P, low-T (HP–LT) metamorphic unit. Our work demonstrates significance metapelites in study HP metamorphism To reconstruct P–T history Belt, we have investigated three samples using independent geothermo...

The evolution of both the first- and second-order Raman spectra carbonaceous material (CM) through successive contact regional metamorphic events is explored in western part Ryoke belt (Iwakuni-Yanai area, SW Japan). Thirty-two metasedimentary rock samples were collected along a N-S gradient locally affected by metamorphism before after main tectono-metamorphic event (DP1). First-order document...