The reliability of standard meteorological drought indices based on measurements of precipitation is limited by the spatial distribution and quality of currently available rainfall data. Furthermore, they reflect only one component of the surface hydrologic cycle, and they cannot readily capture nonprecipitation-based moisture inputs to the land surface system (e.g., irrigation) that may temper...

An Integrated Extreme Climatic Index (IECI) is defined for analyzing the overall trend of change in the frequencies of major extreme climatic events over mainland China. The index is composed of 7 individual extreme indicators, i.e. the country-averaged frequencies of high temperature, low temperature, intense precipitation, dust storm and strong wind events, meteorological drought area percent...

Since vegetation is closely related to a variety of hydrological factors, the condition during drought greatly affected by moisture supply or demand from atmosphere. However, since feedback between and climate in event very complex, it necessary construct joint probability distribution that can describe investigate interrelationships them. In other words, required understand interaction terms p...

Drought disasters in Thailand have been occurring with increasing frequency in recent years. A drought is one weather hazard that is often underestimated for two reasons. (i) Droughts have a slow rate of onset and, (ii) They have less visual impact on us. However, the long term outcome of a drought can be widespread and very devastating. This drought risk area evaluation study involved the intr...

In final form 11 May 2004 ©2004 American Meteorological Society uring the summer of 2002, drought conditions persisted over India from mid-June to mid-July following a later-than-average arrival of seasonal monsoon rain. By the end of that summer, the average summer Indian rainfall totaled 711 mm or 19% below normal. With the exception of the area near the foothills of the Himalayas in the very...