Network design is a difficult combinatorial optimization problem which searches an optimal network configuration that satisfies geographical constraints, user traffic constraints etc. from a huge number of candidates. In solving the problem with GAs, building block (BB) destructions occur frequently which misleads the algorithms to unfavorable local optima, because appropriate encoding only wit...

Definition The concept of a metropolitan areas is that of a core area containing a large population nucleus, together with adjacent communities having a high degree of economic and social integration with that core. They include metropolitan statistical areas (MSA’s), consolidated metropolitan statistical areas (CMSA’s), and primary metropolitan statistical areas (PMSA’s). An area that qualifie...

Current SONET/SDH metro ring networks create the so–called metro gap which prevents high– speed clients from tapping into the vast amounts of bandwidth available in the backbone. To bridge this gap we propose and investigate by means of analysis and simulation a novel arrayed– waveguide grating (AWG) based single–hop wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) network with a physical star topology. ...

Wireless mesh networks (WMN) have attracted increasing attention from the research community as a high-performance and low-cost solution to last-mile broadband Internet access. In the other side, optical burst switching (OBS) is a promising metropolitan solution [1] that uses optical fiber with burst switching paradigm. In this paper, we propose a novel Metropolitan Area Network (MAN) architect...

-Four kinds of service types are defined in IEEE 802.16. In order to provide the Quality of Service (Qos) for different services, the system must use a reasonable resource allocation method and scheduling algorithm to efficiently and fairly allocate bandwidth resources. Although in the IEEE 802.16 MAC, for the uplink real-time polling service (rtPS) and non-real-time polling service (nrtPS) bus...