Cellular micro(mi)RNAs are able to recognize viral RNAs through imperfect micro-homologies. Similar to the miRNA-mediated repression of cellular translation, this recognition is thought to tether the RNAi machinery, in particular Argonaute 2 (AGO2) on viral messengers and eventually to modulate virus replication. Here, we unveil another pathway by which AGO2 can interact with retroviral mRNAs. ...

A variety of structural analogues of purines and pyrimidines are known to affect the growth of viruses, bacteria and other micro-organisms, plants and animals. Some of these may exert their action through being incorporated into nucleic acids in place of the natural purine or pyrimidine. Such examples are: 8-azaguanine, a structural analogue of guanine, which has been shown to replace guanine i...

Recent studies revealed that micro RNA-10b (mir-10b) is highly expressed in metastatic breast cancer cells and positively regulates breast cancer cell migration and invasion through inhibition of HOXD10 target synthesis. In this study we designed anti-mir-10b molecules and combined them with poly L-lysine (PLL) to test the delivery effectiveness. An RNA molecule sequence exactly matching the ma...

Inhibition of the growth of Escherichia coli M.R.E. 600 by six different metal salts was accompanied by a greater decrease in the synthesis of RNA than in that of protein. The action of cobalt chloride was exceptional; inhibited cells made an excess of RNA to an extent depending on the concentration of Co(2+), the time of incubation and the concentration of Mg(2+) in the medium. Preferential sy...

Micro RNAs (miRNAs) are small RNA molecules, which function as important regulators of gene expression. We found that RNA preparation methods commonly utilized for miRNA expression studies yield highly unstable miRNAs. We studied the stability of four miRNAs belonging to different miRNAs families. A significant degradation of these molecules may be observed already three days after RNA isolatio...

Genetic regulation Central dogma of molecular biology: DNA makes RNA makes protein. Gene regulatory data are primarily from ChIP-chip and ChIP-seq. BioTapestry is an interactive tool for building, visualizing, and simulating genetic regulatory networks. Hamid Bolouri, a Hutch member, is an author. Transcription factors bound to DNA perform transcription regulation Small RNAs: miRNA (micro RNA) ...

The importance of rainbow trout (Onchorhynchus mykiss) in Iran aquaculture industry on one hand, and increasing the mortality of this fish due to outbreaks of infectious diseases, on the other hand, indicate the requirement for more profound understanding the rainbow trout immune system and access to laboratory tools for definitive diagnosis of its diseases. One of the most important defense me...

The 22nd annual Pezcoller Symposium titled "RNA Biology and Cancer" was held in Trento, Italy, on June 10-12, 2010. The program of the symposium was developed by Drs. Rene Bernards, Witold Filipowicz, and David Livingston; they cochaired the meeting in cooperation with Dr. Enrico Mihich. The topics discussed included the opportunities offered by small RNA as tools for cancer drug development, t...

While mapping total and poly-adenylated human transcriptomes has now become routine, characterizing nascent transcripts remains challenging, largely because nascent RNAs have such short half-lives. Here, we describe a simple, fast and cost-effective method to isolate RNA associated with transcription factories, the sites responsible for the majority of nuclear transcription. Following stimulati...

Long non‑coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are ncRNA transcripts >200 nucleotides that important genetic regulators. LncRNAs can directly regulate mRNA through a lncRNA‑mRNA regulatory mode and also competitive binding to micro (mi)RNA, which is generally known as the endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network. The present study evaluated functional roles networks of lncRNAs in chronic glomerulonephritis (CGN). pro...