The construction of optimized biological fuel cells requires a cathode which combines the longevity microbial catalyst with current density an enzymatic catalyst. Laccase-secreting fungi were grown directly on cell to facilitate exchange inactive enzymes active enzymes, goal extending lifetime laccase cathodes. Directly incorporating laccase-producing fungus at extends operational cathodes whil...

Enzymes are commonly used in food processing and in the production of food ingredients. Enzymes traditionally isolated from culturable microorganisms, plants, and mammalian tissues are often not well-adapted to the conditions used in modern food production methods. The use of recombinant DNA technology has made it possible to manufacture novel enzymes suitable for specific food-processing condi...

1. We compared the extracellular enzyme activity (EEA) of sediment microbial assemblages with sediment and water chemistry, gradients in agricultural nutrient loading (derived from principal component analyses), atmospheric deposition and hydrological turnover time in coastal wetlands of the Laurentian Great Lakes. 2. There were distinct increases in nutrient concentrations in the water and in ...

AIMS The objectives of this work were to determine the extracellular enzyme profiles during composting, relate the activities of these enzymes to the changes in microbial population and compare the enzyme profiles between two manures. METHODS AND RESULTS API ZYM assay was used to monitor the activities of 19 extracellular enzymes during poultry and pig manure composting. Results showed an ove...

Background Using globally abundant crop residues as a carbon source for energy generation and renewable chemicals production stand out as a promising solution to reduce current dependency on fossil fuels. In nature, such as in compost habitats, microbial communities efficiently degrade the available plant biomass using a diverse set of synergistic enzymes. However, deconstruction of lignocellul...

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Fish sauce is a fermented product which is used in south Asian countries. In the present study, Caspian Kilka was used to produce the sauce, using either cooked or raw fish subjected to four different treatments: 1) traditional method, where fish and salt were used; 2) an enzymatic method, where fish, salt and proteolytic enzymes, including Protamex and Flavourzyme (Novo Nordisc Co., Bagsvaerd,...

Evaluation of the soil rhizosphere has been limited by the lack of robust assessments that can explore the vast complex structure and diversity of soil microbial communities. Our objective was to combine fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) and pyrosequencing techniques to evaluate soil microbial community structure and diversity. In addition, we evaluated biogeochemical functionality of the microbia...

Aim and objectives: Lead is one of the most important environmental pollutants that plays a significant role in increasing the stability of some other pollutants through changing the microbial profile of soil.  Bacillus subtilis WPI is one of the most abundant bacteria existing in the wastewater. Due to the presence of laccase enzyme in this bacterium, it can facilitate the decomposition proces...