Abstract Optical frequency comb technology has been the cornerstone for scientific breakthroughs in precision metrology. In particular, unique phase-coherent link between microwave and optical frequencies solves long-standing puzzle of synthesis. While current bulk mode-locked laser had great success extending frontier, its use real-world applications beyond laboratory setting remains an unsolv...

We investigated microwave-stimulated fixation of tissues for transmission electron microscopy using a domestic microwave oven operating at a frequency of 2.45 GHz with an output power of 500W. Microwave-stimulated fixation, in 4% glutaraldehyde, of fresh rat kidney, liver, heart and brain tissues was compared to conventional fixation. Human renal biopsies were similarly studied. Electron micros...

We use femtosecond laser frequency combs to convert optical frequency references to the microwave domain, where we demonstrate the synthesis of 10-GHz signals having a fractional frequency instability of < or =3.5 x 10(-15) at a 1-s averaging time, limited by the optical reference. The residual instability and phase noise of the femtosecond-laser-based frequency synthesizers are 6.5 x 10(-16) a...

Abstract—The aliasing signal interferes with the actual signal and resembles more-like the original intermediate signal. This is called image frequency. To eliminate this image frequency a filter is to be designed in the RF(Radio Front) stage. At S-band microwave frequency (2 GHz to 4 GHz), the lumped components cannot be used due to distributed effects. Also, for the compactness of the filter,...

Using microwave currents, we excite resonances of geometrically confined pinned domain walls, detecting the resonance by the rectification of the microwave current. By applying magnetic fields, the resonance frequency of the domain wall oscillator can be tuned over a wide range. Increasing the power leads to a redshift due to the nonlinearity of the system. From this frequency shift, we directl...

Optical frequency combs (OFCs), based on mode-locked lasers (MLLs), have attracted considerable attention in many fields over recent years. Among the applications of OFCs, one of the most challenging works is the extraction of a highly stable microwave with low phase noise. Many synchronisation schemes have been exploited to synchronise an electronic oscillator with the pulse train from a MLL, ...

The Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer (AMSR) is a multi-frequency, dual-polarized microwave radiometer that detects microwave emissions from the Earth's surface and atmosphere. Various geophysical parameters, particularly those related to water (H2O), can be estimated from AMSR data. In addition to the proven parameters such as water vapor, precipitation, and sea surface wind speed, novel ...

The development of X-band klystrons at SLAC originated with the idea of building an X-band Linear Collider in the late 1980’s. Since then much effort has been expended in developing a reliable X-band Power source capable of delivering >50 MW RF power in pulse widths >1.5 μs. I will report on some of the technical issues and design strategies which have led to the current SLAC klystron designs.