Mitochondrial cytochrome c is a water-soluble protein in the intermembrane space which catalyzes electron transfer from the cytochrome bc1 complex to the terminal oxidase cytochrome aa3. In Bradyrhizobium japonicum, a gene (cycM) which apparently encodes a membrane-anchored homolog of mitochondrial cytochrome c was discovered. The apoprotein deduced from the nucleotide sequence of the cycM gene...

Atovaquone is a new anti-malarial agent that specifically targets the cytochrome bc1 complex and inhibits parasite respiration. A growing number of failures of this drug in the treatment of malaria have been genetically linked to point mutations in the mitochondrial cytochrome b gene. To better understand the molecular basis of atovaquone resistance in malaria, we introduced five of these mutat...

Cytochrome b is the central catalytic subunit of the quinol:cytochrome c oxidoreductase of complex III of the mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation system and is essential to the viability of most eukaryotic cells. Partial cytochrome b gene sequences of 14 species representing mammals, birds, reptiles and amphibians are presented here including some species typical for Poland. For the analyse...

The phylogenetic relationships among seven Callosciurus species from the Indochina Peninsula, including C. honkhoaiensis which is endemic to Hon Khoai Island, were studied using complete mitochondrial cytochrome b gene sequences (1140 bases). We primarily focused on position of pygerythrus, distributed in western part peninsula. identified two main lineages: 1) caniceps, honkhoaiensis, inornatu...

Background: Varicocele is the abnormal tortuosity and dilatation of the veins of the pampiniform plexus within the spermatic cord. Varicocele-related pathology is suspected in infertility as it leads to elevated temperatures in the scrotum and testes, which has a deleterious effect on spermatogenesis. In Varicocele patients, ROS production is enhanced and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) is red...

Cervid phylogenetics has been puzzling researchers for over 150 years. In recent decades, molecular systematics has provided new input for both the support and revision of the previous results from comparative anatomy but has led to only partial consensus. Despite all of the efforts to reach taxon-wide species sampling over the last two decades, a number of cervid species still lack molecular d...

Nucleotide sequences from the cytochrome b gene of mitochondrial DNA were employed to resolve phylogenetic controversies and to assess molecular evolutionary rates in marine turtles (Chelonioidea). Findings of special relevance to conservation biology include discovery of a distant relationship between Natator and other cheloniid species, the paraphyly of Chelonia mydas with respect to Chelonia...

The subgenus Hystricochaetonotus Schwank, 1990 is one of the most species-rich subgenera Chaetonotus Ehrenberg, 1830. It has a worldwide distribution and encompasses 37 species predominantly living in benthos periphyton limnetic habitats. We have discovered further nine new running stagnant waters Slovakia (Central Europe): Ch. (H.) arcanus sp. nov., avarus gulosus iratus luxus mirabilis optabi...