Nickel zone plates are fabricated by electrodeposition into a mold with high aspect ratio and narrow line width. This process requires high-mechanical stability of the mold to avoid pattern collapse in the plating bath. In the present paper we demonstrate how SU-8 can be used as plating mold material in a tri-layer resist to fabricate 35-nm half-pitch nickel gratings with an aspect ratio exceed...

A two-stage embossing technique for fabricating microchannels for microfluidic devices is presented. A micromachined aluminum mold is used o emboss a polyetherimide (PEI) substrate with a relatively high glass transition temperature (T ). The embossed PEI is then used as a mold for g mbossing an amorphous polyethylene terephthalate (APET) substrate with a lower Tg. The resulting APET substrate ...

Macrocyclic trichothecenes, mycotoxins produced by Stachybotrys chartarum, have been implicated in adverse reactions in individuals exposed to mold-contaminated environments. Cellular and humoral immune responses and the presence of trichothecenes were evaluated in patients with mold-related health complaints. Patients underwent history, physical examination, skin prick/puncture tests with mold...

Mold Shape Deposition Manufacturing (Mold SDM) is a Solid Freeform Fabrication technique for producing complex shaped fugitive wax molds. A variety of castable polymer and ceramic materials have been used to make parts from these molds. This paper describes the Mold SDM method and an automated mold building machine based on a commercial CNC mill. Process steps, material selection and equipment ...

An extract of small molecules (molecular weight less than 500) of the slime mold Physarum polycephalum undergoes a shift in ultraviolet-visible absorption spectrum upon illumination. This illumination also confers on the extract the ability to induce sporulation when injected into a starved, unilluminated slime mold. The spectral shift and appearance of the sporulation-inducing activity both oc...

At harvest, apple fruit are placed into wooden or plastic bins (approximately 400 kg of fruit per bin), which are then transported to storage and packing facilities. Prior to storage, fruit may be drenched with a fungicide to control postharvest diseases (10). Fruit are stored in the bins in either regular atmosphere (RA) or controlled atmosphere (CA) (1 to 2% O2 and 0.5% CO2) at –1 to 3°C (9)....

The Botrytis bunch mold, cinerea pathogen is a necrotrophic ascomycete that infects hundreds of plant species, including hazelnut. B. produces toxins induce cell wall degrading enzymes. In the current research work, we used eight hazelnut varieties and recorded their resistance levels in response to infection. Results showed different respond differently Disease index analysis revealed level or...

Resin Transfer Molding (RTM) is a manufacturing process that involves injection of liquid resin into a closed mold cavity containing preset fiber mats and a subsequent curing stage. Mold filling is a crucial stage for quality part productions. In order to automate production and minimize the formation of defects, control of mold filling is needed. In this paper, direct adaptive control strategy...

The impact of residential dampness or mold on respiratory health is well established but few studies have focused on university students. This study aims to: (a) describe the prevalence of exposure to residential dampness or mold in university students according to socio-geographic factors and (b) identify associated housing characteristics. A web survey was conducted in 2014 among the 26,676 s...

BACKGROUND Excess moisture and visible mold are associated with increased risk of asthma. Only a few studies have performed detailed home visits to characterize the extent and location of moisture damage and mold growth. METHODS Structured home inspections were performed in a birth cohort study when the children were 5 months old (on average). Children (N = 398) were followed up to the age of...