In the framework of statistical machine translation (SMT), correspondences between the words in the source and the target language are learned from bilingual corpora on the basis of so-called alignment models. Many of the statistical systems use little or no linguistic knowledge to structure the underlying models. In this paper we argue that training data is typically not large enough to suÆcie...

Effect of foliar application seaweed Ascophyllum nodosum extract on morpho-physiological characteristics bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) under water stress

In view of an increasing use of breast MRI supplementing X-ray mammography, the purpose of this study was the development of a method for fast and efficient analysis of dynamic MR image series of the female breast. The image data sets were acquired with a saturation-recovery-turbo-FLASH sequence facilitating the detection of the kinetics of the contrast agent concentration in the whole breast w...

Three-dimensional (3D) imaging is a current challenge in biology and medicine for investigation of the smallest details of living systems, from cells to organisms, and with the expectation of micro to nanoscale resolution in real time. This is not a new objective, but rather a long quest toward excellence; to achieve such analytical performance, however, imaging technology must integrate the la...

Na SO induced regulation of some key morpho-physiological characteristics in Sorghum were 2 4 examined to investigate the effect of Na SO on germination and morphology of Sorghum that was conducted 2 4 at Botany Department University of Gujrat. The variety used in this experiment was SSG-77. Plants were subjected for 30 days to sand culture that were salinized with four salt levels [T (control)...

Morpho Challenge 2007 contained an evaluation of unsupervised morpheme analysis algorithms using information retrieval experiments utilizing data available in CLEF. The objective of the challenge was to design statistical machine learning algorithms that discover which morphemes (smallest individually meaningful units of language) words consist of. Ideally, these are basic vocabulary units suit...

In this paper we propose a computational model for the representation and processing of morpho-phonological phenomena in a natural language, like Modern Greek. We aim at a unified treatment of inflection, compounding, and word-internal phonological changes, in a model that is used for both analysis and generation. After discussing certain difficulties cuase by well-known finitestate approaches,...

In this paper we introduce a median operator between two sets of interpretations (worlds) in a finite propositional language. Our definition is based on morphological operations and Hausdorff distance. It provides a result which lies “halfway” between both sets and accounts for the “extension” or “shape” of the sets. We prove several interesting properties of this operator and compare it with f...

The term incorporation canonically refers to cases of complementation in which a theme argument, lacking functional structure, is syntactically fused with the verb. In this pristine form incorporation appears to be a close kin of word-level compounding. Recently, however, the term has been extended to apply to structures in which the theme argument is realized as a full blown noun phrase and sh...