The genetic variance of mortality rates in Drosophila melanogaster increases with age early in life, but declines at intermediate ages. A simulation study was done in order to evaluate two competing explanations for this age-specific pattern: (1) demographic heterogeneity, and (2) binomial sampling effects. The pattern can be explained by demographic heterogeneity among and within genotypes. In...

Background: Staphylococcus is an important pathogen for humans, which is found on skin, mucous membranes and oropharynx of healthy individuals. The bacteria can cause a range of infections from simple wounds and skin abscesses to severe infections such as pneumonia, septicemia, osteomyelitis and endocarditis. Unfortunately because of emerging drug resistance, infections caused by this organism ...

Diarrhoeal mortality rates in Mexican children dramatically declined during the 1980s and 1990s, concomitant with a temporal shift in peak deaths from summer to autumn-winter. The spatial dynamics of these patterns have not previously been studied. We first describe the seasonal features of paediatric diarrhoeal mortality in Mexico as a whole, then across individual states. While no geographica...

Birth cohort patterns in mortality are often used to infer long-lasting impacts of early life conditions. One of the most widely accepted examples of a birth cohort effect is that of tuberculosis mortality before the late 1940s. However the evidential basis for claims of cohort-specific declines in tuberculosis mortality is very slight. Reanalysis of original or enhanced versions of datasets us...

Background: Neonatal survival is one of the most important challenges today. Over 99% of neonatal mortalities occur in the developing countries, and epidemiologic studies emphasize on this issue in the developed countries, as well. In this study, we attempted to investigate the causes of neonatal mortality in Taleghani Hospital, Tabriz, Iran.Methods: In this cross-sectional study, we studied ca...

Background Antipyretic therapy administration to patients who develop fever due to infection is controversial and its impact on clinical outcomes has yielded mixed results. We aimed to assess the prescription pattern and rational use of antipyretics for infection induced fever among hospitalized pediatric patients. Materials and Methods A retrospective cross-sectional study design was conduct...

STUDY OBJECTIVE The aim was to describe the pattern of seasonal variation in all cause mortality in The Netherlands, and to analyse the contribution of specific causes of death to the winter excess of all cause mortality. DESIGN Daily numbers of deaths in The Netherlands, by cause, were obtained for the period 1979-1987. Patterns of variation were analysed using Poisson regression. The model ...

We study the effect of within-household mortality on evolution household per capita consumption. Relying a panel survey Mexican households, we find that these households were capable perfectly smoothing shock into their consumption caused by death member. Our findings indicate household’s ability to smooth depends neither characteristics deceased member nor income particular household. no clear...

objective: the maternal mortality ratio is an important health indicator. we presented the distribution and causes of maternal mortality in islamic republic of iran. materials and methods: after provision of an electronic registry system for date entry, a descriptive-retrospective data collection had been performed for all maternal deaths in march 2009- march 2012. all maternal deaths and their...