in order to study the effect of intensity and exposure duration magnetic field on wheat (triticum aestivum l.) seed germination an experiment was conducted in laboratory of ferdowsi university of mashhad, iran. the experiment was including 11 treatments as three level of magnetic field intensities (pretreatment of seeds with 50, 100 and 150 mt magnetic field) and three exposure durations (10, 2...

The purpose of present study is to investigate the dynamic response of two conventional types of solid oxide fuel cells to the inlet air mass flow rate variation. A dynamic compartmental model based on CFD principles is developed for two typical planar and tubular SOFC designs. The model accounts for transport processes (heat and mass transfer), diffusion processes, electrochemical processes, a...

metallothionein (mt) manifests varying expression levels in carcinomas, and they may be considered as valuable cell cancerization biomarkers for diagnosis of patients with cancers. a meta-analysis was conducted to evaluate comprehensively the mt expression difference in various benign tumors and malignant tumors, which compared the high with low mt expression levels in patients of the available...

Identification of ongoing processes in solid oxide fuel cells (SOFC) enables both optimizing the operating environment and prolonging lifetime SOFC. The Levenberg–Marquardt algorithm (LMA) is commonly used characterization unknown electrochemical within SOFC by extracting equivalent electrical circuit (EEC) parameter values from impedance spectroscopy (EIS) data. LMA an iteration optimization r...

This study discussed the performance of an integrated indirect gasification solid oxidation fuel cell (IIG-SOFC) in consideration LCA thinking. Generally, hydrogen sulfide (H2S) gasified biomass causes voltage a stack to decline over time. Although resource such as sewage sludge are carbon-neutral, SOFC creates environmental disadvantage global warming potential (GWP); such, it is necessary rem...

This communication reports on the design, fabrication and testing of special high temperature Si/SiN based micro-hotplates as micromachined platforms for micro-SOFCs. Different designs and materials have been evaluated to realise micro-heating platforms compatible with spray pyrolysed anode, cathode and electrolytes materials. The potential of these micromachined platforms for further integrati...

A SOFC temperature control system based on adaptive multimodel predictive (MMPC) method is designed for a solid oxide fuel cell-gas turbine (SOFC-GT) hybrid with anode and cathode ejectors. Two multi-input multi-output MPCs (under 100% 90% load) are to the inlet temperatures. The accuracy of identified linear models both more than 95%. performance MMPC compared single MPC traditional PI. compar...

in recent years, using new methods in utilization of energy resources has become necessary due to environmental pollution and restriction of energy resources. the hybrid system presented in this article produced power with sofc and stirling engine. the purpose is to analyze a 50 kw solid oxide fuel cell that could produce enough thermal energy for a 10 kw stirling engine working in the hybrid s...

an analytical model is proposed and an analysis is conducted for solid oxide fuel cells with goals of higher power densities. the analytical model is designed to help optimize the size, spacing, and geome-trical shapes of current collectors. the model fully considers the ohmic, species concentration, and activa-tion polarizations. from the analysis of several cases, it is recommended that 3d pi...