Malignant mixed Mullerian tumors are composed of a mixture of sarcoma and carcinoma. The carcinomatous element is usually glandular, whereas the sarcomatous element may resemble normal endometrial stroma (homologous or so-called carcinosarcoma). Here, we present a homologous type of malignant mixed Mullerian tumor of the uterus that presented as a cervical mass. We describe a 55-year-old patien...

Bicornuate and septate uteri are among the commonest Mullerian anomalies. They are sporadic and fairly distinguished, but hybrid deformities can occur. This combination creates aetiological and clinical difficulties. The alternative theory of concurrent fusion and septal resorption of the Mullerian duct is seen as the basis of the altered foetal embryology, while the favourable outlook of a bic...

We report two cases of "uterine leiomyoma with tubules" as a new pathological entity. Since these are biphasic neoplasms (composed by epithelial and mesenchimal elements), the differential diagnosis is between mixed mullerian tumors and uterine tumors resembling ovarian sex cord tumors (UTROSCTs). In the differential diagnosis, the mixed mullerian tumors are easily excluded because of histologi...

This is a case report of a 37-year-old female with a uterine septum (two cavities), a normal single fundal contour, two cervices, and a longitudinal vaginal septum. This is a rare finding that is not described in the current classification system by the American Society for Reproductive Medicine.

background: anti-mullerian hormone (amh) is constantly secreted during menstrual cycles and may offer several advantages over traditional biomarkers of ovarian reserve. objective: to assess the relationship of anti-mullerian hormone (amh) values, which are used to evaluate ovary reserves, with oocyte and embryo quality and with art outcomes in patients undergoing intra-cytoplasmic sperm injecti...

Unicornuate uterus accounts for 2.4–13 % of all mullerian anomalies [1]. An estimated 75–90 % of unicornuate uteri with rudimentary horns are non-communicating. Pregnancy in rudimentary horn is rare, i.e., 1:76,000 and 1:1,40,000 pregnancies [2], and is associated with 70 % risk of uterine rupture occurring before 20 weeks of gestation leading to life-threatening intraperitoneal hemorrhage [3]....

Alfred Jost, the French Physiologist (1974) (1), in some magnificent experiments, showed that all castrated rabbit embryos, before sex differentiation, produced female offspring regardless of the chromosomal constitution (2). Male gonads and their essential hormones, i.e. anti-Mullerian factor to inhibit Mullerian development and testosterone to initiate the Wolfferian growth and convert the ur...