Objective(s): To investigate the effects of paeoniflorin (PEF) on the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis feedback function of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). cSingle-prolonged stress (SPS) was used to establish a PTSD-like rat model. The contents of plasma corticosterone (CORT), adrenocorticotropin hormone (ACTH) and cortic...

We present 2 cases of likely rare event. In case 1, 3(rd) degree consanguineous marriage revealed inv(6) with same break points in parents who were found to be phenotypically normal. The same inv(6) being inherited in progeny but presented with low AMH (anti Mullerian hormone) and high level of FSH (follicular stimulating hormone) leading to polycystic ovarian syndrome/premature ovarian failure...

Since endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) may interfere with the endocrine system(s) of our body and have an estrogenicity, we evaluated the effect(s) of bisphenol A (BPA) on the transcriptional levels of altered genes in estrogen receptor (ER)-positive BG-1 ovarian cancer cells by microarray and real-time polymerase-chain reaction. In this study, treatment with 17β-estradiol (E(2)) or BPA in...

Fetal androgen disruption, induced by the administration of anti-androgen flutamide (0.4, 2, and 10 mg/kg day) causes a long-term apoptosis in testicular germ cells in adult male rat offspring. One of the questions raised by this observation is the role of the Sertoli cells in the adult germ cell apoptotic process. It is shown here that Sertoli cells originating from 15-day-old rats treated in ...

Physiological reproductive aging occurs as a result of a decrease in the number and quality of oocytes in ovarian cortex follicles. Although the reason for the decrease in the quality of the pool and follicular oocytes is not fully understood, endocrine, paracrine, genetic, and metabolic factors are thought to be effective. Nowadays, in order to understand the mechanisms of ovarian aging, genom...

Following the publication of Lillie's (1917) observations and theories on the endocrine basis of the development of the bovine freemartin, experiments were initiated to determine if heterosexual gonad grafts to the chorio-alantoic membrane of chicks could stimulate formation of intersexes (Willier, 1927). Hormone extracts of testes and urine were used by Dantchakoff (1935) and Kozelka & Gallagh...

Persistent Mullerian Duct Syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive disease characterized by persistent Mullerian derivative in patients with 46 XY Karyotype and normal virilization .Here we are presenting a case of incidental finding of Persistent Mullerian Duct Remnants in a 58 yr old man during routine hernioplasty.Histological diagnosis was confirmed by Immunohistochemistry

the androgen insensitivity syndrome is a heterogeneous disorder with a wide spectrum of phenotypic abnormalities, ranging from complete female to ambiguous forms that more closely resemble males. the primary abnormality is a defective androgen receptor protein due to a mutation of the androgen receptor gene. this prevents normal androgen action and thus leads to impaired virilization. a point m...

Study sample No sample size appears to have been determined in the planning phase of the study. In addition, no retrospective power calculations were reported. The authors reported that a group of MIS-TKA patients was compared with a group of 50 traditional TKA patients, but it was unclear how many patients were in the MIS-TKA group. The authors then reported that all patients (n=159) were coho...

background: reduced ovarian reserve has been known to predict poor ovarian response and poor success rates in infertile women undergoing assisted reproductive technology. ovarian reserve also decreases with age but the rate of decline defers from a woman to another. the aim of this study was to detect any difference in ovarian reserve as measured by basal serum fsh and amh between matched cohor...