a constitutive model based on two–dimensional unstructured galerkin finite volume method (gfvm) is introduced and applied for analyzing nonlinear behavior of cracked concrete structures in equilibrium condition. the developed iterative solver treats concrete as an orthotropic nonlinear material and considers the softening and hardening behavior of concrete under compression and tension by using...

A finite element analysis was conducted to determine the effect of moisture diffusion and hygroscopic swelling in rice. A parallel simple stochastic modeling was performed to predict the number of grains cracked as a result of moisture absorption and hygroscopic swelling. Rice grains were soaked in thermally (25C) controlled water and then tested for compressive stress. The destructive compress...

We describe three cases of previously unreported failures of the Bag-Ventilator Switch in Aestiva/5 anesthesia machines (GE Healthcare/Datex-Ohmeda, Madison, WI). Each failure mode produced a large breathing-circuit leak. Examination of the switches revealed a cracked toggle actuator, residue build-up, and a cracked selector switch housing as causes for the failures. When a leak with no visible...

A damage detection method is presented for the identification and quantification of damage. The proposed method uses finite element method to extract modal parameters of cracked and intact cantilever beam. The damage is simulated by fracture mechanics concept by introducing cracked elements at different locations with predetermined magnitude of depth. The curvature response function, function o...

In this work, closed-form expressions for the buckling loads of weakened Timoshenko columns with different boundary conditions and shear force approaches (proportional to the bending rotation or to the total slope) are presented. The crack model used promotes discontinuities in both transversal displacements and rotation due to bending. To solve the buckling problem, the perturbationmethod is u...

Fracture analysis of orthotropic cracked media is investigated by applying the recently developed extended isogeometric analysis (XIGA) (Ghorashi et al., 2012) using the T-spline basis functions. The signed distance function and orthotropic crack tip enrichment functions are adopted for extrinsically enriching the conventional isogeometric analysis approximation for representation of strong dis...

Feeding shelled corn as the primary supplement in cracked dry form or ground high moisture form to grazing cows was studied in an experiment using 32 cows in late lactation. Each of the two forms of corn accounted for 74.7% of the concentrate supplement, which was fed at 9 kg/d (DM). The experiment was 13 wk, during which cows grazed permanent native pasture containing mostly grasses and some c...