OBJECTIVE To compare levofloxacin and ofloxacin in the treatment of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB). PATIENTS AND METHODS A retrospective analysis of 106 patients with MDR-TB (February 1990 through December 2000) receiving directly observed therapy with fluoroquinolone and accompanying drugs, which mainly included aminoglycosides, cycloserine, ethionamide/prothionamide, and pyrazina...

Background and Objective. Antimicrobial resistance is now a major challenge to clinicians for treating patients. Hence, this short term study was undertaken to detect the incidence of multidrug-resistant (MDR), extensively drug-resistant (XDR), and pandrug-resistant (PDR) bacterial isolates in a tertiary care hospital. Material and Methods. The clinical samples were cultured and bacterial strai...

Stenotrophomonas maltophilia is an inherently multidrug resistant (MDR) opportunistic pathogen with many mechanisms of resistance. SENTRY studies reveal decreasing sensitivities of S. maltophilia to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and fluoroquinolones. Ceftolozane-tazobactam (Zerbaxa, Merck & Co., Inc.) a novel intravenous combination agent of a third-generation cephalosporin and β-lactamase inhi...

Background: The resurgence of tuberculosis (TB) in western countries has been attributed to the HIV epidemic, immigration, and drug resistance. Multidrug resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) is caused by the transmission of multidrug resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains in new cases, or by the selection of single drug resistant strains induced by previous treatment. The aim of this report is...

INTRODUCTION Pseudomonas aeruginosa nosocomial pneumonia (Pa-NP) is associated with considerable morbidity, prolonged hospitalization, increased costs, and mortality. METHODS We conducted a retrospective cohort study of adult patients with Pa-NP to determine 1) risk factors for multidrug-resistant (MDR) strains and 2) whether MDR increases the risk for hospital death. Twelve hospitals in 5 co...

A retrospective study was performed to determine factors associated with the outcome of pulmonary multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) in Taipei, Taiwan. All patients newly diagnosed with pulmonary MDR-TB in a referral centre from 1992-1996 were enrolled and their outcome over the subsequent 6 yrs was determined. A total of 299 patients were identified, comprising 215 (71.9%) males and 84 ...

Corynebacterium striatum is a potentially pathogenic microorganism that causes nosocomial outbreaks. However, little is known about its virulence factors that may contribute to healthcare-associated infections (HAIs). We investigated the biofilm production on abiotic surfaces of multidrug-resistant (MDR) and multidrug-susceptible (MDS) strains of C. striatum of pulsed-field gel electrophoresis ...

Background: Higher prevalence of ESBL producers is alarming in dairy sector. So limiting antimicrobial use may curtail the selection and persistence predominant conjugative plasmids among strains. The study was aimed to determine occurrence extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) producing E. coli as well their genetic diversity, resistance integrons bovines. Methods: A total 180 faecal samples...

Epidemics of drug-resistant bacteria emerge worldwide, even as resistant strains frequently have reduced fitness compared to their drug-susceptible counterparts . Data from model systems suggest that the fitness cost of antimicrobial resistance can be reduced by compensatory mutations2; however, there is limited evidence that compensatory evolution has any significant role in the success of dru...

Abstract. Khairullah AR, Kurniawan SC, Sudjarwo SA, Effendi MH, Afnani DA, Silaen OSM, Putra GDS, Riwu KHP, Widodo A, Ramandinianto SC. 2023. Detection of multidrug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and coagulase-negative staphylococci in cow milk hands farmers East Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 24: 658-664. Cow is a nutrient-dense food containing various nutrients, i.e., carbohydrates, fat, pro...