In higher education, a multiple choice test is a widely known format for measuring student’s knowledge. The debate about the two most commonly used scoring methods for multiple choice assessment number right scoring (NR) and negative marking (NM) – seems to be a never-ending story. Both NR scoring as NM do not seem to meet the expectations. However, available research hardly offers alternative ...

background: mobile health and e-learning may have a significant impact on training patients, physicians, students and caregivers. this study aimed to evaluate the effect of using an educational mobile application on the knowledge of the caregivers of children with cerebral palsy (cp).   methods: we used a previously developed mobile application. the knowledge of 17 caregivers of children with c...

BACKGROUND People forget much of what they learn, therefore students could benefit from learning strategies that yield long-lasting knowledge. Yet surprisingly, little is known about how longterm retention is most efficiently mastered. We studied the value of teacher made in class tests as learning aids and compared two types of teacher-made tests (multiple choice and short-answer tests) with a...

Financial incentives of various kinds have been suggested to alleviate the chronic shortage of transplantable organs in the United States. This paper analyzes the possible consequences of financial incentives on organ supply. We show that under current practice and current law (which are not the same), inducements to donate organs or to register as an organ donor may lead to a decline in the su...

one important issue that any material or test designer should bear in mind is to be careful about developing teaching and testing reading materials which would not be to the benefit of a group of readers or examinees and to the detriment of some others. one of the factors which may cause difference between the performances of english learners or test takers is the selection of reading tests wit...

background: it is important to learn how to study for different examinations. the objective of the current study is to explore whether the assessment method selection would significantly affect the studying and learning approaches of students. methods: this descriptive-analytical research consisted of 191 first-year undergraduate nursing students from three nursing schools and was conducted dur...

we discuss here an uncommon condition of neurogenic hypotension in the context of immunoglobulin light chain (amyloid light-chain) amyloidosis. th e most serious feature was autonomic nervous system impairment, mainly characterized by severe refractory orthostatic hypotension, which became progressively invalidating, forcing the patient to bed. moreover, since the systemic involvement of the di...