Aging is associated with a loss of skeletal muscle mass, increase in intramuscular fat and neural changes which result in reduced mechanical muscle function and impaired functional performance. Rapid mechanical muscle function (i.e. muscle power, rate of force development) and power-based time-constrained functional motor tasks such as reversing an impending fall are more affected by aging than...

BACKGROUND Sarcopenia refers to the loss of skeletal muscle mass with aging. It is believed to be associated with functional impairment and physical disability. OBJECTIVE The purposes of this study were: (1) to compare the physical activity, muscle strength (force-generating capacity), cardiopulmonary fitness, and physical disability in community-dwelling elderly people with sarcopenia, borde...

Age-related muscle wasting and increased frailty are major socioeconomic as well as medical problems. In the quest to extend quality of life it is important to increase the strength of elderly people sufficiently so they can carry out everyday tasks and to prevent them falling and breaking bones that are brittle due to osteoporosis. Muscles generate the mechanical strain that contributes to the...

Autism represents a disorder of neural development characterized by 3 features including deficit in social communication, inflexibility of speech and behavior, and stereotyped movements. The prevalence of this disorder has been reported about 1.5 per 100 individuals in Iran. Individuals with ASDs are susceptible to weakness in balance and stability and also postural deformities. Thus, the pur...

conclusions physicians involved in care of methadone patients should recommend dietary and lifestyle changes to improve their overall health. results within one year from admission to treatment, a statistically significant (t-tests, p < 0.05) increase was noted in their body mass index (bmi), % of body fat, average body mass, and average basal metabolic rate, and relative decrease in their % of...

OBJECTIVE Lower-limb muscle strength is reduced in many people with diabetes. In this study, we examined whether quadriceps muscle strength is reduced in relation to insulin resistance in well-functioning ambulatory nondiabetic individuals. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Participants (age >or=70 years) underwent dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) scanning to ascertain muscle and fat mass, t...

Fatty infiltration of muscle, myosteatosis, increases with age and results in reduced muscle strength and function and increased fall risk. However, it is unknown if increased fatty infiltration of muscle predisposes to hip fracture. We measured the mean Hounsfield unit (HU) of the lean tissue within the midthigh muscle bundle (thigh muscle HU, an indicator of intramuscular fat), its cross-sect...