The aim of this paper is to reveal how misconceptions—or using the concept of Arkoun, “the crisis of meanings”—about the role and position of Islam in Europe is impacting on the discourse on sport, Islam, and immigration. France is selected as a case study for this paper as it is in this country where the debate on religion in general and Islam in particular seem to be more contentious in relat...

How inclusive are European national identities of Muslim minorities and how can we explain cross-cultural variation in inclusiveness? To address these questions, we draw on large-scale school-based surveys of Muslim minority and non-Muslim majority and other minority youth in five European countries (Children of Immigrants Longitudinal Survey [CILS]; Belgium, England, Germany, the Netherlands, ...

The emergency room (ER) psychiatrist confronts an increasingly diverse patient population that presents complex challenges to diagnosis and treatment in this acute setting. Such challenges include difficulties involving language barriers, interpretations of behaviors, prayer and fasting rituals, gender roles, attitudes about mental health, family issues, and other cultural issues. The Muslim pa...

OBJECTIVE To measure bone turnover in Muslim women with vitamin D deficiency. DESIGN A cross-sectional study of a random sample of Muslim women aged 20-65 years, evaluated over a 6-month period from November 1999 to April 2000. SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS 146 women living in an urban community in south-western Sydney with adequate opportunities for sun exposure. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Bone tu...

This article analyzes the religio-ethical discussions of Muslim religious scholars, which took place in Europe specifically in the UK and the Netherlands, on organ donation. After introductory notes on fatwas (Islamic religious guidelines) relevant to biomedical ethics and the socio-political context in which discussions on organ donation took place, the article studies three specific fatwas is...

After the collapse of the Soviet Union sovereign Islamic states arose in the traditional Islamic regions of the USSR, although Islam was not declared to be an official or state religion in the constitutions of these states, since, as before, religion was separated from the state. These states were: Uzbekistan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Kyrgyzstan, Kazakhstan and Azerbaijan. With the exception o...