BACKGROUND Activity retention upon enzyme adsorption on inorganic nanostructures depends on different system parameters such as structure and composition of the support, composition of the medium as well as enzyme loading. Qualitative and quantitative characterization work, which aims at an elucidation of the microscopic details governing enzymatic activity, requires well-defined model systems....

A significant challenge in the development of clinically viable siRNA delivery systems is a lack of in vitro-in vivo translatability: many delivery vehicles that are initially promising in cell culture do not retain efficacy in animals. Despite its importance, little information exists on the predictive nature of in vitro methodologies, most likely due to the cost and time associated with gener...

Zeta potential is an essential surface parameter in the characterization of nanoparticles, determined at interface loosely bound ions (diffuse layer) nanoparticle and free solution. The ionic concentration pH solution are known to, by definition, influence composition diffuse layer zeta accordingly. Thus, to fix solution's for valid measurements, buffers frequently used. However, issue that rem...

Escherichia coli was one of the bacteria that causes diarrhea. Matoa leaves (Pometia pinnata J.R. Forst & G. Forst) ) is a plant from Sapindaceae family and known to have antibacterial compounds. This study aims make ethanol extract matoa into nanoparticles determine activity better than against E. bacteria.
 research conducted experimentally with free variables, namely concentration l...

The paper reports the preparation and photocatalytic activity of ZnO doped SnO2 nanoparticles. These nanoparticles were synthesized by hydrothermal method. The products were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Their grain sizes are about 50-100 nm. The characterization results revealed that the synthesized nanoparticles possess just cr...

Objective(s): This study considered the combination of chitosan nanoparticles with antioxidant-antibacterial fraction extracted from Lactobacillus casei and investigation of possible increasing of antibacterial activity of the fraction in hybrid nanoparticle and the effect of the fraction on the stability of chitosan nanoparticles. Methods: Extra...

The paper shows that there is no finite set of forbidden minors which characterizes classes of independence models that are representable by Gaussian, discrete and binary distributions, respectively. In addition, a way to prove the nonexistence of a finite characterization for any other class of independence models is suggested. MSC 2000: 60A99, 68T30, 94A15

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In this paper, we obtain a forbidden-minor characterization of the class of binary gammoids M such that, for every pair of elements x, y of M, both the splitting matroid Mx,y and the element splitting matroid M ′ x,y are binary gammoids.

A connected edge-colored graphG is said to be rainbow-connected if any two distinct vertices of G are connected by a path whose edges have pairwise distinct colors, and the rainbow connection number rc(G) ofG is the minimum number of colors that can make G rainbow-connected. We consider families F of connected graphs for which there is a constant kF such that every connected F-free graph G with...