BACKGROUND Cyclic redistribution of air within the cuff during respiratory pressure changes creates a self-sealing mechanism which allows tracheal sealing, despite tracheal airway pressure being above baseline cuff inflation pressure. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of continuous automated cuff pressure regulation on tracheal sealing during cyclic respiratory pressure...

AIMS AND OBJECTIVES We used near-infrared spectroscopy to document changes in cerebral tissue oxygen saturation (SctO2) in response to ventilation mode alterations after bidirectional Glenn (BDG; superior cavopulmonary connection) procedure. We also determined whether spontaneous ventilation have a beneficial effect on hemodynamic status, lactate and SctO2 when compared with other ventilation m...

AIM During manual positive pressure ventilation (PPV), delivering a recommended respiratory rate (RR) is operator dependent. We tested the efficacy of a metronome as a standardised method to improve the accuracy of delivered RR during manual PPV in a neonatal resuscitation simulation. METHODS We conducted a blinded simulation in two consecutive stages. Using a self-inflating bag, 36 CPR train...

The problems which arise in dealing with the myasthenic patient in the immediate postoperative period following thymectomy are discussed. The indications for and advantages of spontaneous ventilation, elective tracheostomy and intermittent positive pressure ventilation are considered and the benefits of managing all such cases in an intensive care unit are stressed. It is considered that only i...

Patients aged over 45 admitted to hospital with exacerbations of chronic bronchitis alone or in association with cor pulmonale, pneumonia, or respiratory failure were placed in one of three groups (men with hypoxia, men without hypoxia, and women). Patients within these groups were then randomly allocated to receive either standard drug treatment alone or standard drug treatment plus intermitte...

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A WATER RETENTION SYNDROME, has been described by Sladen 1 et al. in 19 per cent of patients, following prolonged mechanical ventilation. They suggested that changes in left atrial pressure, secondary to intermittent positive pressure ventilation (I.P.P.V.) caused an increase in plasma anti-diuretic hormone with resultant water retention. In studies of plasma anti-dluretic activity of anaesthet...

Noninvasive ventilation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) has been shown to improve arterial blood gases but its long-term role has not been established. We retrospectively studied 26 consecutive patients with hypercapnic ventilatory failure due to COPD in whom oxygen therapy caused worsening hypercapnia (defined as a rise in the daytime arterial carbon dioxide tension (Pa,CO2) to...