INTRODUCTION Root canal anatomy and canal preparation instruments affect the outcome of endodontic treatment. The purpose of this study was to determine the root surface strain (SS) generated and the extent of canal center transportation during canal shaping using 3 different nickel-titanium instruments. METHODS Simulated root canals in resin blocks (n = 10 per group) were prepared using adap...

Alexandria port is the main Egyptian port at the Mediterranean Sea. It is connected to the Nile River through Nubaria canal, which is a main irrigation canal. The canal was designed to irrigate eight hundred thousand acres of agricultural lands, along its course which extends 100 km. The canal has three barrages and four locks to control the flow and allow light navigation by some small barges....

Since 1980s, the weakening of transportation function Grand Canal and rapid urbanisation have generated significant changes in spatial pattern rural settlements along Canal. Analysing changing characteristics this pattern, exploring natural, social, economic factors influencing these are key to understanding regional structure development law, grasping degree influence factors. This study selec...

introduction: the aim of the present in vitro study was to evaluate the disinfection ability of 980-nm diode laser in comparison with sodium hypochlorite (naocl) as a common root canal irrigant in canals infected with enterococcus faecalis ( e. faecalis ). methods and materials: the root canals of 18 extracted single-rooted premolars were prepared by rotary system. after decoronation, the roots...

introduction: the purpose of this study was to evaluate the radiographic quality of root canal fillings by fourth-, fifth-, and sixth-year undergraduate students at tabriz faculty of dentistry between 2006 and 2012. methods and materials: a total of 1183 root canal fillings in 620 teeth were evaluated by two investigators (and in case of disagreement by a third investigator) regarding the prese...

background and aims. various materials and methods have been introduced for obturating cleaned and shaped root canal systems. this in vitro study aimed to evaluate the sealing ability of single-cone obturation technique with mineral tri-oxide aggregate and calcium-enriched mixture based on bacterial leakage approach. materials and methods. sixty-four single-canal teeth were prepared and randoml...

introduction: mineral trioxide aggregate (mta) as an alternative material to gutta-percha for obturation of root canal in special cases has several drawbacks. the purpose of this study was to compare the apical sealing ability of a new mta-based sealer versus mta. materials and methods: a total of 36 canals of extracted maxillary central incisors were instrumented and randomly divided into 3 ex...

tooth discoloration induced by endodontic sealers, is a common finding that impairs aesthetic outcome of endodontic treatment. the aim of the present mini literature review, was to summarize the existing data on discoloration potential of different endodontic sealers. the research covered the article published in pubmed and google scholar from 2000 to 2015. the searched keywords included ‘tooth...

To assess the normal dimensions of the lumbar spinal canal, 100 normal healthy subjects of either sex between 25 and 45 years age were x-rayed for lumber vertebral column in both posteroanterior and lateral views and the canal was measured by Jones and Thomson method. The lumbar spinal canal showed constant dimensions in both sexes in all age groups when studied separately in the male and femal...