The purpose of this literature review was to identify and describe recent empirical studies of childbirth education outcomes and to identify areas for further study. The search produced 63 studies; only 12 met the inclusion criteria. The literature demonstrated inconclusive evidence regarding the effectiveness of childbirth education. None of the studies used a theoretical framework that propos...

OBJECTIVES To examine the effectiveness of a birth ball exercise programme during childbirth by measuring childbirth self-efficacy and childbirth pain. In addition, it tested the mediating effects of childbirth self-efficacy on the relationship between the birth ball exercise programme and childbirth pain. DESIGN Randomised controlled trial. PARTICIPANTS AND SETTING The study was conducted ...

BACKGROUND Development of appropriate interventions to increase male involvement in pregnancy and childbirth is vital to strategies for improving health outcomes of women with obstetric complications. The objective was to gain a deeper understanding of their experiences of male involvement in their partners' healthcare during pregnancy and childbirth. The findings might inform interventions for...

Introduction The following history represents a selection of articles taken from the Internet and other sources. These are referenced at the end. They give a reasonably accurate and concise history of childbirth and should provide any prospective mother of the 21st century with a realistic perspective of the safety of childbirth. Thus, when she embarks upon her pregnancy, knowledge of the past ...

Background & aim: This study aimed to translate and evaluate the psychometric properties of the Farsi version of the childbirth perceptions scale (CPS) to assess women's experiences of their childbirth. Methods: In this validation study, the CPS was translated from English to Farsi using the forward-backward tra...

To a technological society like that of the United States, the natural process of childbirth presents special conceptual dilemmas, as it calls into perpetual question any boundaries American culture tries to delineate between itself and nature. The author builds on previous works in which she has argued that the American core value system centers around science and technology, the institutions ...

background: there is an upward trend for parents to resort to assisted reproductive technology (art) treatment due to delayed childbirth or birth difficulties. objective: this study investigates the pregnancy health and birth outcomes of women who underwent art and analyzes the factors that influence birth weight to become<10 percentile when undergoing art. materials and methods: this study ana...