This first part of Chapter 5 covers the background to the development of reactive dyes, explains the history which led to their belated discovery and gives the reasons for their present importance. The nature of the dye-fiber bond is covered as well as the processes by which it is formed. The overall procedure for reactive batch dyeing, which involves the three steps of dyeing, fixation and was...

According to realized Batik Renderings, we presented an algorithm for creating ice crack effects as found in Batik wax painting and Batik techniques. This method is based on Interpolation Subdivisions algorithm, which can produce crackle effects similar to the natural texture generated in the batik handcraft. In this method, the natural distribution of ice crack is created by Random distributio...

African marigold [Tagetes erecta L.], a major source of carotenoids and Lutin, is grown as a cut flower and a garden flower, in addition to being grown for its medicinal values. Marigold flowers [Tagetes ], which are yellow to orange red in colour, are a rich source of lutein, a carotenoid pigment. Nowadays, Lutein is becoming an increasingly popular active ingredient used in the Food Industry ...

Increasing eco-consciousness among consumers is creating an expanding niche market for textiles coloured using natural dyes. Natural dyes are derived from different parts of plants, animals (insects and invertebrates) minerals. Although plant sources common, a growing global population makes them compete with food crops. Hence, there need to investigate alternate avenues procuring This research...

In the present work an evaluation was carried out on the effect dye-bath pH and mordant type on the obtained shades and fastness properties in wool dyeing with cochineal. In this way wool samples were first mordanted with four different mordants and subsequently dyed with cochineal at different levels of dye-bath pH. Colorimetric evaluations were carried out and fastness properties of the dyed ...

The coloring behavior of santalin, a natural reddish-brown dye derived from sandalwood, has been investigated in this work for the dyeing silk fabrics while being heated MW radiation. Microwave (MW) radiation up to 5 min employed isolate colorant (Santalin) red sandalwood (Ptrecarpus santalinus) selected medium, and bio-mordants competing with salts as chemical-mordants have included. Statistic...

We describe the fastest dyeing of TiO2 photo-electrodes for dye-sensitized solar cells reported to date (<2 min) at room temperature giving η = 7.5% for an N719-SQ1-CDCA mixture which is significantly higher than devices dyed for >12 h using the same dye mixture (η = 5.5%). Time-lapse photography has been used to monitor the ultra-fast co-sensitization. The data show significantly different dye...

With the development of dyeing wastewater treatment biotechnology, the advantages of bioaugmentation bacteria gradually catch people’s eyes. Therefore, its construction and application research has also attracted the attention of the majority of scholars. This article summaries the construction and application of bioaugmentation engineered bacteria used to treat dyeing wastewater in recent year...

The polyester (100%), cotton (100%) and Polyester / Cotton blend fabrics (65 / 35; 50 / 50 & 35 / 65) were treated with sodium hydroxide followed by hydrophilic finishing and dyeing to impart hygroscopic and dyeing characteristics. Then the finished fabric was tested for k/s value, fastness properties, wetting behaviour, water retention, wicking behaviour and static charge respectively. The sod...