OBJECTIVES To characterise the tackler's head position during one-on-one tackling in rugby and to determine the incidence of head, neck and shoulder injuries through analysis of game videos, injury records and a questionnaire completed by the tacklers themselves. METHODS We randomly selected 28 game videos featuring two university teams in competitions held in 2015 and 2016. Tackles were cate...

PURPOSE This study evaluated the effect of various head orientations during cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) image acquisition on linear measurements of potential implant sites. MATERIALS AND METHODS Six dry human skulls with a total of 28 implant sites were evaluated for seven different head orientations. The scans were acquired using a Hitachi CB-MercuRay CBCT machine. The scanned volum...

BACKGROUND During robot assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy (RALRP), a CO2 pneumoperitoneum (CO2PP) is applied and the patient is placed in a head-down position. Intracranial pressure (ICP) is expected to acutely increase under these conditions. A non-invasive method, the optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD) measurement, may warn us that the mechanism of protective cerebrospinal fluid (CS...

The aim of this prospective cohort study was to investigate the effect of head and neck positioning on cerebral perfusion during shoulder arthroscopy in the beach chair position. Regional cerebral tissue oxygen saturation (rSO2) was monitored intraoperatively using near-infrared spectroscopy on 51 consecutive patients undergoing arthroscopic shoulder surgery in the beach chair position. The hea...

Under natural conditions, our sound localization capabilities enable us to move constantly while keeping a stable representation of our auditory environment. However, since most auditory studies focus on head-restrained conditions, it is still unclear whether neurophysiological markers of auditory spatial processing reflect representation in a head-centered or an allocentric coordinate system. ...

BACKGROUND Instrumental deliveries are commonly performed in the United Kingdom and Ireland, with rates of 12 - 17% in most centres. Knowing the exact position of the fetal head is a pre-requisite for safe instrumental delivery. Traditionally, diagnosis of the fetal head position is made on transvaginal digital examination by delineating the suture lines of the fetal skull and the fontanelles. ...

INTERVENTIONS Once apnoeic after induction of general anaesthesia, face mask ventilation began with pressure controlled ventilation, at a peak inspiratory pressure of 15 cmH2O. Each patient was ventilated for three 1-min intervals with the head position alternated every minute: group A, mask ventilation was performed with a neutral head position for 1 min, followed by an axial head position rot...

We examined the activity of neurons in the deep layers of the superior colliculus of awake behaving rhesus monkeys during the performance of standard oculomotor tasks as well as during self-guided eye movements made while viewing natural images. The standard tasks were used to characterize the activity of neurons based on established criteria. The natural viewing paradigm enabled the sampling o...

By ``position operators,'' I mean here a POVM (positive-operator-valued measure) on suitable configuration space acting Hilbert that serves as defining the position observable of quantum theory, and by ``positron joint treatment positrons electrons. consider standard free second-quantized Dirac field in Minkowski space-time or box. On associated Fock (i.e., tensor product positron electron spac...

In this paper, we describe a visual feedback system using a stereoscopic microscope. The system controls a micromanipulator so that a needle head may pierce a target as much length as desired. The tip position of the needle head and the target under the microscope are measured three dimensionally with two CCD cameras that are set to the eyepieces of the microscope. However, the visual feedback ...