Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS), which can be used to detect changes in the concentration of oxygenated hemoglobin (oxy-Hb) and deoxygenated hemoglobin (deoxy-Hb) in tissue by using illumination at two different wavelengths, is often applied to noninvasive measurements of human brain functions. It is common to use two wavelengths that are on opposite sides of the point where the optical absor...

We present an experimental study of a new hybrid material where nitrogen is encapsulated in the channels of porous zeolite AlPO4-5 (AFI) single crystals by a high-pressure method. The high-pressure behavior of nitrogen confined inside the AFI nano-channels is then investigated by Raman spectroscopy up to 44 GPa. Under pressure, the Raman modes of confined nitrogen show behaviors different from ...

Time-resolved pure-rotational coherent anti-Stokes Raman spectroscopy using picosecond-duration laser pulses is investigated for gas thermometry. The use of picosecond laser pulses significantly reduces background caused by scattering of the probe beam, and delayed probing of the Raman coherence enables elimination of interference from nonresonant four-wave mixing processes. Temperatures inferr...

Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) enables non-invasive measurement of hemoglobin concentration changes in the cerebral cortex. Creation of a topography map is an important evaluation method used in clinical NIRS studies. In this study, we used Laplace's equation method to create topography maps of NIRS. The method was tested and found to converge very precisely. The method was applied to NIRS s...

A new method, based on slice-selective NMR spectroscopy of inhomogeneous mixtures, is introduced to perform NMR titrations and reaction monitoring in a single experiment. The method was applied to the titration of a lithium salt with 12-crown-4, and to the reaction of nBuLi with N,N,N',N'',N''-pentamethyldiethylenetriamine (PMDTA).

A new hybrid algorithm is proposed to eliminate the interference information for multivariate calibration of near-infrared (NIR) spectra that includes noise, background and systemic spectral variation irrelevant to concentration. The method consists of two parts: approximate derivative based on continuous wavelet transform (CWT) and orthogonal signal correction (OSC). After the approximate deri...

In the dataset presented in this article, 36 sludge samples were characterized. Rheological parameters were determined and near infrared spectroscopy measurements were realized. In order to assess the potential of near infrared spectroscopy to predict rheological parameters of sludge, Partial Least Square algorithm was used to build calibration models.

Recent advances in multichannel functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) allow wide coverage of cortical areas while entailing the necessity to control family-wise errors (FWEs) due to increased multiplicity. Conventionally, the Bonferroni method has been used to control FWE. While Type I errors (false positives) can be strictly controlled, the application of a large number of channel sett...

Similarity takes a crucial role in various kinds of cognitive processes. In the present study, we investigated the neural activities during similarity judgments on 1225 pairs of images using the near-infrared spectroscopy. The predictability of similarity judgments were analyzed with a hierarchical Bayesian framework applied on the neural activities. It revealed that the neural activities locat...

We propose a phasor representation for oscillations at a given frequency (or relatively narrow frequency band) of hemoglobin concentrations in tissue, as well as hemoglobin concentrations measured by near-infrared spectroscopy. This representation provides a straightforward visualization of the phase relationships between oscillations of oxy-, deoxy-, and total hemoglobin concentrations ([HbO],...