Functional neuroimaging studies show that hypnosis affects attention by modulating anterior cingulate cortex activation and uncoupling conflict monitoring and cognitive control function. Considering functional changes in the activation of the occipital and temporal cortices, precuneus, and other extrastriate visual areas, which account for hypnosis-induced altered reality perception, the role o...

Neuroimaging studies have produced seemingly contradictory findings in regards to the pathophysiology of insomnia. Although most study results are interpreted from the perspective of a "hyperarousal" model, the aggregate findings from neuroimaging studies suggest a more complex model is needed. We provide a review of the major findings from neuroimaging studies, then discuss them in relation to...

To the Editors: Children with Down syndrome reportedly have a high prevalence of nystagmus.1-3 The etiology of nystagmus in Down syndrome has been presumed to be idiopathic, although evidence for this is limited. Whether cerebellar hypoplasia, a common magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) finding in Down syndrome, contributes to nystagmus has been investigated recently because of the role of the ce...

Over the last few years, brain research in volunteers that are considered healthy has increasingly used neuroimaging methods. The actual imaging techniques are tailored to the scientific issue under investigation but such imaging sessions often include high-resolution structural brain imaging. Accordingly, these brain scans are not ideal but nonetheless sensitive for detecting the presence of b...

1.1 Dementia with Lewy bodies: An overview Dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the core clinical features of fluctuating consciousness, visual hallucinations and parkinsonism. The term DLB and the clinical criteria were first introduced and proposed by Mc Keith and colleagues in 1996 during the First International Workshop of the Consorti...

INTRODUCTION In everyday life, we continuously interact with other individuals. Understanding actions of other people, i.e., the ability to distinguish between different actions, such as passing over vs. threatening someone with a knife, has been crucial for the survival of our species and is a fundamental capability for our social interactions. Neuroimaging studies investigated the neural subs...

Individually, metabolic disorders are rare, but overall they account for a significant number of neonatal disorders affecting the central nervous system. The neonatal clinical manifestations of inborn errors of metabolism (IEMs) are characterized by nonspecific systemic symptoms that may mimic more common acute neonatal disorders like sepsis, severe heart insufficiency, or neonatal hypoxic-isch...

PURPOSE To evaluate and describe the neuroimaging findings of patients with neurosyphilis. METHODS The neuroimaging studies of 35 patients with documented neurosyphilis were reviewed. Diagnosis was established in 34 patients with cerebrospinal fluid for a Venereal Disease Research Laboratory test, complemented by autopsy in 1 and brain biopsy in 1. All patients had reactive fluorescent trepon...

We present a case of infantile-onset Alexander disease (AD) with a novel glial fibrillary acidic protein mutation but without clinical evidence of neurologic deterioration. Brain MRI studies showed typical AD findings and increasing size of frontal cavitations. Serial proton MR spectroscopy demonstrated high levels of myo-inositol and lactic acid and decreasing levels of N-acetylaspartate. The ...

Aim: The great majority of people suffer from headaches. Neuroimaging has a very limited role in determining the etiology headache However, neuroimaging, especially magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), is requested for vast patients with headache. We aimed to determine frequency clinically significant and nonsignificant findings on brain MRI headache, factors associated these findings.
 Mater...