BACKGROUND Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder with progressive loss of cognitive abilities and memory loss. The aim of this study was to compare neuropathological changes in hippocampus and brain cortex in a rat model of AD. METHODS Adult male Albino Wistar rats (weighing 250-300 g) were used for behavioral and histopathological studies. The rats were randomly assigned t...

The clinicopathological findings are presented of two cases of mesolimbocortical dementia. Both cases were characterised by late onset slowly progressive personality changes and progressive intellectual deterioration without clinical Parkinsonism. Neuropathological findings revealed non-specific neuronal degeneration, Holzer and GFAP positive gliosis primarily affecting the limbic system, cauda...

Injection of the seaweed toxin kainic acid (KA) in rats induces a severe status epilepticus initiating complex neuropathological changes in limbic brain areas and subsequently spontaneous recurrent seizures. Although neuropathological changes have been intensively investigated in the hippocampus proper and the dentate gyrus in various seizure models, much less is known about changes in parahipp...

BACKGROUND The cortical changes resulting from chronic hydrocephalus in adults are not well defined. METHODS Retrospective analysis of twenty-one patients (age 64-88 years) with a clinical diagnosis of "normal pressure hydrocephalus" who underwent cortical biopsy at the time of intracranial pressure monitoring or shunt insertion, and eight patients who were biopsied but not shunted. Eleven br...

Repulsive guidance molecule member a (RGMa) is a membrane-associated or released guidance molecule that is involved in axon guidance, cell patterning, and cell survival. In our previous work, we showed that RGMa is significantly upregulated in the substantia nigra of patients with Parkinson's disease. Here we demonstrate the expression of RGMa in midbrain human dopaminergic (DA) neurons. To inv...

Bilateral ibotenic acid lesions of the anteromedial neostriatum produce neuropathological and behavioral changes in rats that are characterized by locomotor hyperactivity and severe maze learning impairments, which can be viewed as analogous to changes seen in Huntington disease. Grafts of fetal striatal neurons, implanted either into the lesioned striatum or into the denervated globus pallidus...

The conventional neuropathological manifestation of canine distemper virus (CDV) infection is characterized by demyelinating encephalomyelitis. Other recognized non-conventional neuropathological manifestations of distemper include acute encephalopathy, acute encephalitis, polioencephalomalacia, inclusion body polioencephalitis, and old dog encephalitis. With the use of molecular techniques, CD...

  Background and Objectives: Hippocampal volume reduction has been reported in diabetes mellitus type 1. It is believed that hyperglycemia and oxidative stress mediate neuropathological changes in hippocampal neurons. In this study we aimed to study the effect of insulin and an antioxidant like ascorbic acid on preventing volume changes of dentate gyrus and CA3 region of hippocampus. Material...

The state between aging with no cognitive impairment and dementia has become a major focus for intervention. The neuropathological and neurobiological correlates of this intermediate state are therefore of considerable interest, particularly from population representative samples. Here we investigate the neuropathological profile associated with different cognitive ability levels measured using...