64 246 182 64 130 194 •Chemotherapy-induced febrile neutropenia (FN) is a well-known complication associated with increased morbidity and mortality and frequently leads to additional hospitalization 1-3; •Severe and prolonged neutropenia is associated with fever and infections that require systemic therapy (antibiotics, antimicotics etc); •Prophylactic use of G-CSFs in high risk patients (≥ 20%...

Human metapneumovirus (HMPV) is a pathogen associated with respiratory tract infection and is related to avian pneumovirus. Typically, children, the elderly, and those who are immunocompromised are the most susceptible to HMPV infection; however, the virus can infect persons of all ages. In otherwise healthy individuals, HMPV infection is generally self-limiting, but immunocompromised individua...

The present article is an update of the literature on bacteraemia in onco-hematologic patients. A multidisciplinary group of Spanish physicians with an interest in this field selected the most important papers published recently. Papers from the fields of basic science, epidemiology, causative microorganisms and clinical syndromes are discussed. Important aspects of these studies include the as...

We report a case of disseminated Scedosporium apiospermum infection in a neutropenic patient with acute myeloid leukemia. Due to progression of the mycosis after 7 days of amphotericin B lipid complex therapy and to high susceptibility of the mold to voriconazole in vitro, the patient was treated with intravenous voriconazole. After a few days of therapy, fever disappeared and skin lesions impr...

We report a case of a 48-year-old Chinese female with end-stage renal disease and chronic anemia on hemodialysis. Clonazepam was prescribed for myoclonus disorder two weeks prior to her hospitalization. Subsequently, she was hospitalized for neutropenic fever with thrombocytopenia and worsening anemia. Bone marrow examination demonstrated a markedly hypocellular marrow (10-20% total cellularity...

Improved outcome in the treatment of childhood cancer results not only from more aggressive and tailored cancer-directed therapy, but also from improved supportive therapy and treatment of life-threatening infectious complications. Prompt and aggressive intervention with empiric antibiotics has reduced mortality in this group of patients. Physical examination, blood tests, and blood cultures mu...

The cost of treating neutropenic patients unexplained fever is of significant concern in Japan because of the depressed economy and the aging population. Development of a standardized treatment methodology specifically tailored to the situation in Japan will make the treatment more efficient for health care institutions, will allow for improved monitoring of practices and costs, and will result...

The present article is an update of the literature on fungemia in onco-hematologic patients. A multidisciplinary group of Spanish physicians with an interest in this field selected the most important papers published lately. Papers from the fields of epidemiology, risk factors, pathogenesis, diagnosis, outcome, prevention and treatment are discussed. Important aspects of these studies include t...

A 59-year-old man with T-cell prolymphocytic leukemia on alemtuzumab presented with neutropenic fever, intermittent nausea, and multiple ill-defined low attenuation foci in the liver on abdominal computed tomography scan which were suspicious for metastatic disease. Histological examination revealed the diagnosis of adenovirus hepatitis. Patient responded well to cidofovir. Adenovirus hepatitis...

The patient who is profoundly neutropenic and expected to remain so for an extended period of time is at high risk for a serious bacterial or fungal infection.[1,2] In approximately one third of episodes of fever and neutropenia (absolute neutrophil count <500 cells/mm>6), a diagnosis is documented, and of these, a small proportion is life threatening.[2,3] Successful therapy for documented inf...