Let {S′Ni | i ∈ IN} represent a set of consequence operators defined on a language Λ, where each member of {S′Ni | i ∈ IN} corresponds to a science-community physical theory and each Ni is a S′Nj -system for each j ∈ IN. It is shown that there exists a hyperfinite ultralogic U ∈ ∗Cf defined on all internal subsets of Λ such that U 6 = U, and, for each i, j ∈ IN, S Ni ( ∗Nj) = U( ∗Nj). For each ...

This paper intends to review the state-of-the-art in the field of ferromagnetic shape memory alloys different than Ni–Mn–Ga, developed in the ast years. It starts with the effects of additions of different fourth elements to Ni–Mn–Ga and continues with the review of other Heusler (or B2) i-based and Co-based alloy systems, like Ni–Mn–X, Ni–Fe–Ga, Co–Ni–Al and Co–Ni–Ga alloys. Finally, ferromagn...

Fe, Co, and Ni are catalytically effective for growing single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs). On substrates, however, Ni tends to yield only multi-walled carbon nanotubes. Because enhanced surface diffusion at the elevated growth temperature required for deposition might cause coarsening of Ni catalyst nanoparticles, adjusting the nominal Ni thickness should be crucial for controlling the part...

The bonding structure and binding character for the initial stage of thin film growth of Ni on a rutile(110) surface are studied using first principles density functional theory. Our results show that, in the first monolayer, Ni atoms are preferentially adsorbed on top of bridging oxygen atoms, and upon secondary surface oxygen. The bond strength between Ni adatom and substrate is much stronger...

Hydrogenolysis and dehydrogenation of propane were studied over model nickel–gold catalysts. The supported model Ni–Au catalysts were prepared by depositing Ni and Au onto a planar silica film. Infrared reflection absorption spectroscopic data showed that isolated Ni sites appeared and became dominant on the surface with the addition of Au to Ni. For the conversion of propane in the presence of...

The Ramsey number for a graph G versus a graph H, denoted by R(G,H), is the smallest positive integer n such that for any graph F of order n, either F contains G as a subgraph or F contains H as a subgraph. In this paper, we investigate the Ramsey numbers for union of stars versus small cycle and small wheel. We show that if ni ≥ 3 for i = 1, 2, . . . , k and ni ≥ ni+1 ≥ √ ni − 2, then R( ∪k i=...

We examined the influence of macronutrient (nitrate and phosphate) additions on Ni uptake by phytoplankton (Prorocentrum donghaiense and Skeletonema costatum) and its subsequent transfer to marine copepods (Calanus sinicus and Labidocera euchaeta). Ni uptake by phytoplankton after 24h of exposure was markedly dependent on nutrient conditions, with a higher nutrient quota facilitating Ni accumul...

The title compound, [Ni(C(11)H(10)N(2)O(2))(2)](NO(3))(2), consists of an Ni(II) atom coordinated by two tridentate chelating di-2-pyridylmethane-diol [(2-py)(2)C(OH)(2)] ligands. The Ni(II) atom is located on an inversion center. The geometry around the Ni(II) atom is distorted octa-hedral. The gem-diol (2-py)(2)C(OH)(2) ligand adopts the coordination mode η(1):η(1):η(1). The Ni-N and Ni-O bon...