Nicotinic acid adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NAADP) is a ubiquitous second messenger providing a Ca(2+) trigger in a wide range of cell types. However, its metabolism is not well understood. Here, we demonstrate the presence of endogenous NAADP in HeLa cells. CD38, a promiscuous enzyme described to be involved in NAADP metabolism, was not detectable in HeLa cells. In cell-free extracts of HeL...

It is fifty years since the first chemical synthesis of a dinucleoside phosphate and a dinucleotide with natural 3'-->5'-internucleotide linkages was reported. The main developments in the methodology of oligo- and poly-nucleotide synthesis that have taken place since are described.

Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (reduced form)-nitrate reductase was freed from ammonium repression in a Neurospora crassa mutant having drastically lowered glutamine synthetase activity, gln-1a. The general phenomenon of nitrogen metabolite repression required glutamine or some aspect of glutamine metabolism.

In this issue of Blood, Zhang et al show that mice lacking the stromal-interacting molecule 1 (STIM1) gene in bone marrow cells are more susceptible to bacterial infection but are resistant to ischemia/reperfusion injury because of defective activation of phagocyte nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase.

Long-term treatment with N(omega)-nitro-l-arginine methylester (l-NAME), an NO synthase inhibitor, induces hypertension and cardiovascular injury. However, its precise mechanism is unknown. Using apoptosis signal-regulating kinase-1 (ASK1)-deficient mice, we investigated the role of ASK1 in cardiovascular injury caused by l-NAME treatment. l-NAME was orally administered to ASK1-deficient and C5...

Essential hypertensive patients show a reduced nitric oxide availability secondary to oxidative stress generation in peripheral microcirculation. Cyclooxygenase (COX) contributes to reduce nitric oxide availability. We assessed the possible vascular sources of oxidative stress, including COX-1, COX-2, and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase, as determinants of endothelial dysfun...

A reduction in the survival of Salmonella typhimurium TA 1530 was observed when the bacteria were incubated with aflatoxin B¡,rat liver microsomes, and a reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate-generating system. The lethality appeared to depend on the formation of a metabolite of aflatoxin B] by a mixed-function oxygenase system. The killing was very rapid; only 1% of the bacteria...

Background Nicotinic acid adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NAADP) has been identified as a calcium-mobilizing second messenger. NAADP is regularly enzymatically synthesized by ADP-ribosyl cyclases, in particular under acidic conditions. In nanomolar concentrations NAADP targets selectively the ryanodine receptor type 1 on the sarcoplasmic reticulum, and the two pore channels localized in dense-c...

Submit Manuscript | http://medcraveonline.com Abbreviations: AGEs: Advanced Glycation End-products; ROS: Reactive Oxygen Species; DM: Diabetes Mellitus; RAGE: Receptors of AGEs; HLA: Human Leucocyte Antigen; GDM: Gestational Diabetes Mellitus; MODY: Maturity Onset Diabetes of the Young; SMBG: Self Monitoring Blood Glucose; HAS: Human Serum Albumin; HMA: Human Mercaptalbumin; PCO: Protein Carbon...