SUMMARY Although vasodilator drugs cause haemodynamic improvement at rest, their effect on the overall exercise response is uncertain. Nine patients with severe diuretic dependent cardiac failure were studied before and during upright bicycle exercise, after the double blind administration of equi-hypotensive doses of hydralazine (H) 75 mg, prazosin (Pr) 3 mg, and placebo (P1). The ventilatory ...

The "conventional wisdom" is that grades are related to class attendance, i.e., students who attend classes more frequently obtain better grades and class attendance dramatically contributes to enhanced learning. However, the influence of sex (female vs. male) on this relationship is understudied. Furthermore, there have been several studies examining the impact of attendance on course grades t...

In the past decades, hundreds of articles have explored the mechanisms underlying priming. Most researchers assume that masked and unmasked priming are qualitatively different. For masked priming, the effects are often assumed to reflect savings in the encoding of the target stimulus, whereas for unmasked priming, it has been suggested that the effects reflect the familiarity of the prime-targe...

BACKGROUND Three cross sectional studies suggest that neighbourhood greenspace may protect against incident diabetes. This study uses data from a longitudinal study with a large sample size to investigate the association between greenspace and the occurrence of incident diabetes over time. METHODS Data was from the European Prospective Investigation of Cancer Norfolk, UK, cohort, recruitment ...

This study measured the prevalence of leisure-time physical activity in women from 18 to 69 years of age and identified correlated social factors in the neighborhood of Santafe, Bogotá, Colombia. Levels of physical activity were calculated through a population survey (n = 1,045). Logistic regression modeling identified factors associated with inactivity. Some 79.1% of respondents reported being...

This study aimed to test the hypotheses that knee position sense declines with age and that regular exercise can attenuate that decline. This cross-sectional study encompassed 69 older and 60 young adults divided in four groups (exercised-old, N=31; non-exercised-old, N=38; exercised-young, N=35; non-exercised-young, N=25) according to chronological age and exercise practice in the past year. K...

To investigate whether subliminally priming for competition influences facial reactions to facial emotional displays, 49 participants were either subliminally competition primed or neutrally primed. Thereafter, they viewed computer generated avatar faces with happy, neutral, and sad expressions while Corrugator supercilii and Zygomaticus major reactions were recorded. Results revealed facial mi...

BACKGROUND Which responder characteristics influence TTO scores remains underexplored. More research is needed in order to understand (differences in) TTO scores, but also in the context of generating representative health state valuations for some population. Previous studies have found age, gender, marital status and subjective life expectancy to influence the number of years traded off. OB...

BACKGROUND The International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) is a self-reported questionnaire for assessing physical activity and has been tested in 12 countries among adults aged 18 to 65 years. The present study evaluated the reliability and validity of the IPAQ among adults aged 65 years and older. METHODS The study included 164 men and 161 women selected from participants of the Fu...

In some trained athletes, maximal exercise ventilation is believed to be constrained by expiratory flow limitation (FL). Using the negative expiratory pressure method, we assessed whether FL was reached during a progressive maximal exercise test in 10 male competition cyclists. The cyclists reached an average maximal O2 consumption of 72 ml. kg-1. min-1 (range: 67-82 ml. kg-1. min-1) and ventil...