To the Editor: excluding any unspecific effect of anaesthesia. This was not the case in the studies cited by Dr. Pagliaro. Therefore, We thank Dr. Pagliaro for his comments. In his letter Dr. we believe that the references cited in our review are Pagliaro focused on two points of the discussion of appropriate and that these investigations have considerable chronotropic effects of endogenous nit...

Isolated rat thoracic aortic strips undergoing noradrenaline-induced contraction were treated with an adult heartworm (HW) crude extract and then examined for isometric changes in tension. HW extract caused relaxation of endothelium-intact strips, but not endothelium-denuded strips. This effect was inhibited by treatment with NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester hydrochloride (L-NAME) and could be ...

Dopamine (DA) is released in the medial preoptic area (MPOA) of male rats during copulation. DA agonists infused into the MPOA facilitate, and antagonists impair, copulatory behavior. Local administration of the nitric oxide (NO) precursor L-arginine also increases DA release in the MPOA. The present experiment used microdialysis to test whether NO promotes DA release during copulation. Males r...

Long-term potentiation is a long-lasting, use-dependent increase in the strength of synaptic connections. We investigated the role of nitric oxide (NO) in determining the duration of potentiation induced by high frequency stimulation of afferents in the CA1 region of the rat hippocampus. The calcium/calmodulin-dependent production of NO can be initiated by activation of excitatory amino acid re...

Testosterone deficiency is associated with poor prognosis among patients chronic heart failure (HF). Physiological testosterone improves the exercise capacity of HF. In this study, we evaluated whether treatment physiological contributes to anti-fibrogenesis by modifying calcium homeostasis in cardiac fibroblasts and studied underlying mechanisms. Nitric oxide (NO) analyses, (Ca2+) fluorescence...

Background-Our objective for this study was to investigate whether nitric oxide (NO) modulates tissue respiration in the failing human myocardium. Methods and Results-Left ventricular free wall and right ventricular tissue samples were taken from 14 failing explanted human hearts at the time of transplantation. Tissue oxygen consumption was measured with a Clark-type oxygen electrode in an airt...

At low concentrations, nitric oxide is a physiological transmitter, but in excessive concentrations it may cause cell and tissue injury. We report that in acute oxidant injury induced by the herbicide paraquat in isolated guinea pig lungs, nitric oxide synthesis was markedly stimulated, as evidenced by increased levels of cyclic GMP in lung perfusate and of nitrite and L-citrulline production i...

Damage to the leech or mammalian CNS increases nitric oxide (NO) production and causes accumulation of phagocytic microglial cells at the injury site. The aim of this study was to determine whether NO plays a role in microglial migration and accumulation at lesions in which NO is generated by a rapidly appearing endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) in leeches. Immunohistochemistry and cytoc...

Hypertension is a chronic disease affecting the whole world due to its clinical effects and complications. The reduction in release effect of NO one mechanisms hypertension formation. disrupts balance between oxidant antioxidant mechanisms. In this study, we aimed observe biochemical changes blood by treatment propolis, caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) pollen hypertensive rats via Nω-Nitro-L...