Nitrogen (N) is essential for plant production, but N uptake imposes carbon (C) costs through maintenance respiration and fine-root construction, suggesting that an optimal C:N balance can be found. Previous studies have elaborated this optimum under exponential growth; work on closed canopies has focused on foliage only. Here, the optimal co-allocation of C and N to foliage, fine roots and liv...

The purpose of this research is the development of a hybrid volatile organic compounds (VOCs) treatment process, which consists of adsorptive separation and catalytic oxidation. This process greatly reduces energy consumption compared with conventional thermal or catalytic combustion processes. Low concentrations of VOCs in polluted air are initially separated and concentrated into a small stre...

Cryogenic FIB-SEM is typically applied for milling and imaging of samples that are static in nature prior to cryopreservation, e.g. cells [1], sunscreen [2] or hydrated clays [3]. In contrast, here new routes of integrating cryo-FIB-SEM imaging into dynamic thermo-fluidic experimentation outside the microscope are described. This approach enables cross-sectional and 3D nanoscale imaging of diff...

As a result of uncontrolled discharge of wastewaters containing high levels of phosphorus to the receiving bodies could create adverse effects on water quality. Therefore phosphorus should be eliminated prior to discharging into aquatic environment together with carbon and nitrogen to reduce eutrophication risk. Control of effluent phosphorus level by enhanced biological methods became a standa...

Ribosomal RNA internal transcribed spacer-1 (ITS1) metabarcoding was used to investigate the distribution patterns of fungal communities and the factors influencing these patterns in subtropical Chinese seas, including the southern and northern Yellow Sea and the Bohai Sea. These seas were found to harbor high levels of fungal diversity, with 816 operational taxonomic units (OTUs) that span 130...

Recent interest in the r81e of proteins in gastrointestinal disease has prompted an investigation of certain aspects of this problem. Studies by Cannon and coworkers suggested to us that measurements of the intake and excretion of individual amino acids might supply more complete and significant data than the conventional nitrogen balances alone (1). Hence, in addition to the nitrogen balance, ...

Based on nitrogen factors (NF) determined for two commercial cellulases produced by the fungus Trichoderma reesei, a nitrogen analyzer was sed to directly estimate the amount of enzyme adsorbed on biomass solids, rather than relying on the difference between initial and final dissolved rotein as typically practiced. For adsorption of cellulase at 4 ◦C where reactions are minimal, the results fo...

[1] Hydrologic losses can play a key role in regulating ecosystem nutrient balances, particularly in regions where baseline nutrient cycles are not augmented by industrial deposition. We used first-order streams to integrate hydrologic losses at the watershed scale across unpolluted old-growth forests in New Zealand. We employed a matrix approach to resolve how stream water concentrations of di...

Loss of nitrogen compounds from the skin results from the activity of the sweat and other cutaneous glands, and from the shedding of epithelial structures. This loss may introduce significant errors into N-balance studies. Concentrations of 23-141 mg N/Ioo ml sweat have been quoted in the literature. The sweat used in the analyses was collected directly from the skin, often in hot, humid condit...