Tumor-targeted therapies are playing growing roles in cancer research. The exploitation of these powerful therapeutic modalities largely depends on the discovery of tumor-targeting ligands. Phage display has proven a promising high throughput screening tool for the identification of novel specific peptides with high binding affinity to cancer cells. In the present study, we describe the use of ...

Despite their impressive performance, deep neural networks (DNNs) are widely known to be vulnerable adversarial attacks, which makes it challenging for them deployed in security-sensitive applications, such as autonomous driving. Image-dependent perturbations can fool a network one specific image, while universal capable of fooling samples from all classes without selection. We introduce double...

In this report we demonstrate primary non-random X chromosome inactivation following targeted mutagenesis of a region immediately upstream of XIST promoter P(1). In heterozygous animals there is a preferential inactivation of the targeted X chromosome in 80--90% of cells. The phenotype correlates with inappropriate activation of XIST in a proportion of the mutant XY embryonic stem cells. Strand...

Abstract: We assess the effectiveness of China’s Two Control Zones (TCZ) policy, an environmental policy that tightens the control of acid rain and the emission of sulfur dioxide (SO2) in targeted areas. To identify the effect of the policy on industrial activities, we use the difference-in-differences (DID) method to study industry-level activities in China’s prefectures based on a unique firm...

HER2-targeted therapies have radically changed the prognosis of HER2-positive breast cancer over the last few years. However, resistance to these therapies has been a constant, leading to treatment-failure and new tumor progression. Recently, the kinase-impaired HER3 emerged as a pivotal player in oncogenic signaling, with an important role in both non-treated progression and treatment response...

Development of a gene delivery system with high efficiency and a good safety profile is essential for successful gene therapy. Here we developed a targeted non-viral delivery system using a multifunctional lipid ECO for treating Leber's congenital amaurosis type 2 (LCA2) and tested this in a mouse model. ECO formed stable nanoparticles with plasmid DNA (pDNA) at a low amine to phosphate (N/P) r...

Interferon alpha (IFNα) is used for the treatment of hepatitis B virus infection, and whilst efficacious, it is associated with multiple adverse events caused by systemic exposure to interferon. We therefore hypothesise that targeting IFN directly to the intended site of action in the liver would reduce exposure in blood and peripheral tissue and hence improve the safety and tolerability of IFN...

The non-target effect of neutron-irradiation was assessed in unirradiated human peripheral blood lymphocytes using an alkaline comet assay. The isolated cells were incubated with an autologous plasma for 1 h at 37 degrees C before performing the assay. The cells exhibited a significant increase in the tailmoment when the irradiated blood (2 Gy, 570 keV neutron) was the source of plasma. The gen...

In the medical examiner setting, comprehensive drug screening is an essential analytical tool in the investigation of cause and manner of death.We have validated non-targeted and targeted screening assays for drugs and metabolites using ultra-performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) interfaced with mass spectrometry (MS) in single and tandem stages. For non-targeted screening by UPLC-MS electro...

Background and study aims  Biopsies of non-specific mucosal findings are often performed during esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD). We sought to determine the prevalence and clinical utility of non-targeted biopsies of the stomach and esophagus. Patients and methods  We conducted a retrospective review of 949 outpatient EGDs performed at a US tertiary referral center. Non-targeted biopsies of t...