Voriconazole is a first-line agent for the treatment of invasive fungal infections. The pharmacology of voriconazole is characterized by extensive interindividual variability and nonlinear pharmacokinetics. The population pharmacokinetics of voriconazole in 64 adults is described. The patient population consisted of 21 healthy volunteers, who received a range of intravenous (i.v.) and oral vori...

Citation Subramaniam, Balachundhar, Kamal R. Khabbaz, Thomas Heldt, Adam B. Lerner, Murray A. Mittleman, Roger B. Davis, Ary L. Goldberger, and Madalena D. Costa. “Blood Pressure Variability: Can Nonlinear Dynamics Enhance Risk Assessment During Cardiovascular Surgery?” Journal of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Anesthesia 28, no. 2 (April 2014): 392–397. As Published http://dx.doi.org/10.1053/j.jv...

BACKGROUND Recently backward walking is used by physical therapists to strengthen the hamstring muscles and thus improve the function of the knee joint of anterior cruciate ligament deficient patients. The aim of this study was to examine the stride-to-stride variability of anterior cruciate ligament deficient patients during backward walking. The variation of how a motor behavior emerges in ti...

Poincare plots are commonly used to study nonlinear behaviour of physiologic signals. Analysis of Poincare plots for various lags can provide interesting insights into the autonomic control of the heart. Furthermore, the width of Poincare plots can be considered as a criterion of short-term variability in heart rate signals. The hypothesis that Poincare plot indexes of heart rate variability (H...

The cerebral circulation shows both structural and functional complexity. For time scales of a few minutes or more, cerebral blood flow (CBF) and other cerebrovascular parameters can be shown to follow a random fractal point process. Some studies, but not all, have also concluded that CBF is non-stationary. System identification techniques have been able to explain a substantial fraction of the...

The analysis of eight EXOSAT X-ray lightcurves of six active galactic nuclei by nonlinear prediction methods indicates that the observed variability is truly stochastic and is not caused by deterministic chaos. This result favors X-ray emission models with mutliple centers of production of hot, possibly relativistic electrons.

In hydrology, meteorology, oceanography, climatology and, more generally, in geophysics—all sciences which are involved in water resources management, researches and studies—technological and operational developments come up against a fundamental difficulty which is the extreme variability of geophysical fields. This extreme variability is often associated with natural hazards such as earthquak...

Based on 56 rainfall stations, which cover the period 1961–2008, we analyzed the presence of trends in the drought-affected area over southern South America (SSA) at different time scales. In order to define drought conditions, we used the standardized precipitation index, which was calculated on time scales of 1, 3, 6, 9 and 12 months. The trends were estimated following both a linear and a no...

While cognitive tutoring has been successful in well-defined domains, much less work has been completed in cognitive tutoring in ill-defined domains. Skill assessment is one of the difficult challenges that that must be solved before cognitive tutoring can become a reality in these domains. Assessment formats commonly used by instructors in ill-defined domains do not always have a correct answe...

There is ongoing debate about how the quality (rigour and relevance) of Design Science Research (DSR) should be judged. This research investigates the state of the debate by surveying the opinions of IS scholars who write, review, edit, and publish DSR papers. The survey respondents rated the relative importance of the seven guidelines (often used as evaluation criteria) laid out in Hevner et a...