INTRODUCTION Pseudomonas aeruginosa frequently causes nosocomial pneumonia and is associated with poor outcome. The purpose of this study was to assess the prevalence and clinical outcome of nosocomial pneumonia caused by serotype-specific P. aeruginosa in critically ill patients under appropriate antimicrobial therapy management. METHODS A retrospective, non-interventional epidemiological mu...

HYPOTHESIS The levels of cholesterol, its fractions (high-density lipoprotein cholesterol [HDL-C] and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol [LDL-C]), and serum albumin reflect nutritional status and are related to in-hospital death, nosocomial infection, and length of stay in the hospital. DESIGN A prospective cohort study of hospitalized patients. SETTING The Service of General Surgery of a ...

Community-onset (CO) candidemia, defined as a positive blood culture taken at or within 2 days of hospital admission, represents a distinct clinical entity associated with substantial morbidity and mortality. Reference MIC results from the SENTRY Antimicrobial Surveillance Program (2008-2009) were analyzed to compare the antifungal resistance patterns and species distributions from patients wit...

CONTEXT Nosocomial infections are an important cause of morbidity and mortality after cardiac surgery. Decolonization of endogenous potential pathogenic microorganisms is important in the prevention of nosocomial infections. OBJECTIVE To determine the efficacy of perioperative decontamination of the nasopharynx and oropharynx with 0.12% chlorhexidine gluconate for reduction of nosocomial infe...

conclusions the results of this study show that the incidence of nosocomial infection in neonates is high and decreasing the risk factors such as prematurity, mechanical ventilation and reducing invasive procedures can decrease the infection and improve rapid recovery in these neonates. patients and methods this cross-sectional retrospective study was performed during an 18- month period (2012 ...

We report the first nosocomial outbreak of human metapneumovirus (hMPV) infection in a pediatric patient population. Among 15 pediatric hMPV infections from March to May 2007, there was a nosocomial outbreak involving two patients sharing a room in a hemato-oncology ward with a patient with a community-acquired case of hMPV infection. The estimated incubation period was 7 to 9 days for a sympto...

BACKGROUND Meticulous care of intravenous catheters could be expected to minimize associated nosocomial bloodstream infections, but care is often suboptimal. METHODS To examine the ostensible benefits of a professional, dedicated intravenous therapy team, we compared the secular trends in nosocomial bloodstream infections before and after such a team was established. RESULTS After the intro...

A two month study to investigate the incidence of nosocomial infection was conducted in a paediatric gastroenteritis ward of a black academic hospital. Enteric pathogens were identified on admission in 61 (47.2%) of 129 patients; 56 bacterial and 25 viral. Six per cent of patients had a combination of bacterial and viral pathogens. Enteric pathogens most frequently identified on admission were ...

The characteristics of and prognosis for nosocomial spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) and bacteremia were examined in a prospective study that included data from 194 consecutive episodes of SBP and 119 episodes of bacteremia, 93.3% of which were nosocomial, in 200 hospitalized cirrhotic patients. Gram-positive pathogens were predominant (70% of the total) among isolates from nosocomial in...

The epidemiology of nosocomial infections in Turkish neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) shows that nosocomial sepsis is an important problem, especially for very low birth weight (VLBW) infants, and gram-negative agents, particularly Klebsiella species, are still the major causes of nosocomial infections. Sepsis frequency was 6.4%, ranging from 2.1 to 17%, in 16 centers in Turkey. Sepsis fre...