Intracellular bacterial pathogens exploit the compartmentalization of the eukaryotic cell to create an environment that supports their own survival and growth. Among cellular organelles, the nucleus has long been considered to be mostly ‘safe’ from direct bacterial attacks. However, a growing number of molecules secreted by bacteria—termed ‘nucleomodulins’—target this central organelle to subve...

Most current research on winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) focuses on increasing yields of either grain or plant biomass. Increased production costs and environmental awareness will promote the development of methods to increase the efficiency of applied nutrients. Nitrogen (N) is often the most limiting nutrient for cereal grain production and represents one of the highest input costs in agr...

Improving nitrogen (N) use efficiency in crop production is important for obvious economic and environmental reasons. Nitrogen fertilization of corn usually provides the greatest return on investment of any crop input; therefore, farmers and their agricultural advisors must insure adequate N is available for the crop to maximize yields and economic returns. Soil contains N in organic (soil orga...

Producers of horticultural products face new and growing standards regarding food quality and safety as well as environmental responsibility and sustainability. The objective of this research was to reduce environmental pollution by increasing nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) in vegetables without negatively affecting fruit yield or quality. Bell pepper was used as a case study for intensive veget...

Water and nutrient use efficiencies are important adaptive features of plants in arid semi-arid environments. In this study, water, nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) Stipa purpurea Griesb., an endemic dominant grass species, were investigated the alpine steppe along precipitation gradients on Tibetan Plateau. The leaf N content S. increased gradient, but P decreased, whereas carbon (C) remained unch...

Tea brewed from leaves of Camellia sinensis (L.) is one the most popular worldwide non-alcoholic beverages, and nitrogen an essential nutrient that affects growth development tea plant. Inorganic organic are major forms absorbed by plant also play important role as a vital signaling molecule, which use efficiency (NUE) C. in its period. In addition, improving NUE therefore for economic environm...

The availability of nitrogen (N) and zinc (Zn) at the specific plant growth stage is crucial for attaining higher nutrient use efficiency (NUE) uptake. An experiment was conducted, having 4-N scheduling [No N; ½[basal]+ ½[3rd visible leaf (VL)]; ¼[basal]+ ½[3rdVL]+ ¼[panicle extended in flag sheath (PEFLS)]; ½[basal] + ¼[3rdVL]+ (PV)], 4-Zn Zn; 2.5 kg/ha [basal]+ 0.25% spray(*) [panicle initiat...

The consequences of light adaptation and acclimation of photosynthesis on photosynthetic nitrogen use efficiency (NUE), particularly as it relates to the efficiency of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase (Rubisco) use in photosynthetic CO2 assimilation, was studied in the sun species Glycine max and the shade species Alocasia macrorrhiza. Both G. max and A. macrorrhiza were found to possess t...

Abstract Reactive nitrogen (N) plays a pivotal role in supplying N to plants and soil microbes, but it has negative environmental impacts through influencing the quality of water air, which turn influences human health. Thus, there is an urgent necessity maximize benefits while reducing on environment. Improving crop use efficiency (NUE) required for conservation agricultural sustainability. ob...