Background Maternal death is a key qualitative reliable index of a nation’s economic development. The present research aims to investigate causes of maternal mortality in Iran. Materials and Methods A systematic review of the following databases led us to find the target articles: Medline (via PubMed), Science Direct, CINAHL, CINAHL (EBSCO), Scopus, Web of Science, SID, ISC, Magiran, and Goog...

Background and objectives: Reduction in cesarean birth rates in Iran require certain conditions and necessities for realization. A fundamental aspect is the optimization and reinforcement of the physical structure, as well as the effect of psychological factors and the country’s maternity hospitals which are affecting pregnant women’s satisfaction during natural and cesarean ch...

OBJECTIVE To investigate the prevalence of fear of childbirth in a nationwide sample and its association with subsequent rates of caesarean section and overall experience of childbirth. DESIGN A prospective study using between-group comparisons. SETTING About 600 antenatal clinics in Sweden. SAMPLE A total of 2,662 women recruited at their first visit to an antenatal clinic during three p...

BACKGROUND In recent years Rwanda has achieved remarkable improvement in quality of maternity care services but there is evidence of deficiencies in care quality in terms of disrespectful care. Women's overall childbirth experience is an important outcome of childbirth and a factor in assessing quality of care. The aim of this study was to investigate how women's overall childbirth experience i...

AIMS This paper is a report on a study analysing the effect of the umbilical cord cutting experience on fathers' emotional involvement with their infants. BACKGROUND Participation in childbirth offers an opportunity for father and mother to share the childbirth experience, so it is vital that midwives improve the fathers' participation in this event. DESIGN A quasi-experimental study with a...

Pain during delivery is unique because it is accompanied by powerful emotions. Emotions that occur in women during labor and delivery are closely tied to upbringing and culture in which they were raised and consequently with the sensation of experienced pain. According to the Melzack-Wall Theory of Pain, general mood is directly related to the intensity and quality of pain and it is therefore j...

Background: Although pregnancy and childbirth are physiological processes, fear of childbirth is a common problem that is often associated with requests for cesarean delivery. This study was undertaken to determine the validity and reliability of the Wijma Delivery Expectancy/Experience Questionnaire A (W-DEQ [A]) primiparous women in Mashhad, Iran.Methods: This study was conducted on 220...

Following are the articles and publications from 2001 labor pain will be included in the proceedings from the Pain Conference to be published in a supplement (as well as one from late in 2000 and one excellent rebuttal that was published in 2002) that Lamaze Interto the American Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology in the spring of 2002. In the above article, Dr. Lowe national’s Education Council...