The standard method for collection of respiratory secretions, by use of a nasal wash (NW) to measure virus-specific IgA, is problematic in frail elderly adults. Therefore, a simplified collection approach using a nasal swab (NS) is described. NW and NS samples were collected from healthy young and frail elderly adults, and IgA titers to respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) fusion and attachment gl...

TiO2 nanoparticle (NP)/ITO nanowire (NW) nanocomposites for use as photoelectrode materials were fabricated to improve the charge collection efficiency in solid state dye sensitized solar cells (ss-DSSCs). The average current density for ss-DSSCs containing TiO2 NP/ITO NW arrays was 7.2 mA cm(-2) that was 98% higher than that for the conventional TiO2 NP ss-DSSCs. The intensity modulated photoc...

Semiconductor nanowires (NW) are appealing structures that allow designing quantum structure with unprecedented freedom. With NW, new type of quantum dot (QD) heterostructures (NW-QD) can be directly grown on defined positions without the necessity of self-assembly, as well as more complex structures such as coupled QDs or core-shell structure. However, the quantum confinement requires growing ...

Abstract. Northwest of Iran, as a tectonically active region, has experienced numerous devastating earthquakes. That is why it so important to study the earth deformation in this area and provide more precise insights. So far, most researchers have had preference using invariant component strain rate tensor for investigating Earth's shape region. However, examine efficiency variant components g...

Scorzonera incisa, known as an endemic plant to Turkey, has been collected from West Azarbayejan Province, NW. Iran. The species is reported for the first time from the country; it is very similar to Scorzonera calyculata, which is distributed in the western half of Iran and east of Iraq. However, with regard to the particular shape of the achenes of Scorzonera incisa, this species could be sep...

Arasbaran is one of the most important protected regions in Iran located in NW of the country and east of E Azarbaijan Province. Several reports have been published on the mycobiota of this region however there is only few records about rust fungi of Arasbaran. Our research on rust fungi of Arasbaran region get started since 2006. During this study, several rust taxa collected and identified fr...

Data from 158 predominantly Angus fall-calving beef cows were used in 4 consecutive years to determine the effects of weaning date and cow age class on cow and calf performance. Treatments were arranged in a 2 x 2 factorial with 2 weaning dates and 2 age classes (young cows or=4 yr). Weaning dates were 1) normal weaning in mid-April at 210 d of age (NW) and 2) late wea...