The linker histones (H1 or H5) which play a key role in the folding of chromatin, are general repressors of gene expression. Nuclei of the mature chicken erythrocytes (and in some mammalian cells) contain both of them. Although the interaction of H5 with DNA is stronger than that of H1, it does not prevent the transcription of some erythroid-specific genes. It has been shown that some modificat...

In many animal taxa, size-selective predation favors fast growth early in life. However, same-aged juveniles can diverge in size due to differences in genotype, environmental conditions, and parental effects and thus may vary in competitive ability. Under food scarcity, competitively inferior juveniles may suffer suppressed growth, whereas under benign conditions, small juveniles may exhibit gr...

1. Sixteen first-calf Friesian heifers were used in a continous treatment design experiment. For 2 weeks after calving they were given a 750 g concentrate, 250 g hay/kg ration with 169 g crude protein (nitrogen X 6.25; CP)/kg dry matter (DM). They were then divided into two groups of eight and given a high-protein (223 g CP/kg DM) or low-protein (107 g CP/kg DM) ration at the rate of 10.8 kg co...

Nanotechnology define the science and engineering providing entirely new tools and capabilities, concerned with the design, synthesis, characterization and application of materials and devices that have a functional organization in at least 1 dimension on the nanometer (one billionth of a meter) capable to interact with cells and tissues at a molecular sub cellular level with a high degree of f...

Muscle fiber is the basic unit of skeletal muscle. types play a crucial role in improving meat quality. In current study, Wistar rats were chronic injected with 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide-1-β-D-ribofuranoside (AICAR) for four weeks order to define 5′-AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activity on muscle composition, enzyme and mRNA expression type-related genes gastrocnemius (GS) Food inta...

BACKGROUND Pulpal reaction to restorative materials depends on marginal microleakage, which is a dynamic phenomenon that allows bacteria and fluids to traverse across the tooth-restoration interface. Glass-ionomer cement (GIC) exhibits low microleakage due to direct bonding to tooth structures. Hydroxyapatite (HAP) based on the similarity with tooth structure may decrease the microleakage. The ...

A variety of geomaterials, such as cementitious or clay-based materials, has on the nano-scale a layered microstructure that can contain fluid in its nano-porous space. The creep of such nano-scale basic units is what causes the macroscopic creep. Here, one nano-pore whose walls consist of two parallel infinite solid layers interacting through Lennard-Jones potential is studied. The authors eva...