The determinants of food prices have attracted sizeable debates among scholars over the last three decades. However, many these studies ignore possibility that impact oil on could vary across price distribution. paper employs a quantile regression technique to ascertain whether respond potential heterogeneous crude changes in six selected African net oil-exporting countries. coefficient negativ...

BACKGROUND There is a large body of literature examining income in relation to health expenditures. The share of expenditures in health sector from GDP in developed countries is often larger than in non-developed countries, suggesting that as the level of economic growth increases, health spending increase, too. OBJECTIVES This paper estimates long-run relationships between health expenditure...

The Center supports analytic studies, policy relevant research, training and outreach activities to assist developing countries in the design and implementation of policies to foster growth, democracy, and the rule of law. Professor Karl has published widely on comparative politics and international relations, with special emphasis on the politics of oil-exporting countries, transitions to demo...

The chapters in this volume identify steps that governments of resource-rich countries can take to increase the benefi ts that their countries derive from their holdings of oil, gas, and other resources. The focus on governments is natural: these actions will work only if governments lead the way. We believe these reforms should attract the support of their populations. Moreover, in some cases,...

In 2000 the price of crude oil rose to levels not seen for more than 20 years, and as a result so did the price of oil products. The price hikes prompted public debate about the level of taxes determining the final prices paid by consumers. By one estimate, taxes accounted for 68 percent of the final price in the European Union in 2000 (OPEC 2000). But what about developing countries, where pet...

developing countries that have almost oil reserves have no enough mega projects' management ability, technology and finance resources to manage and finish a mega project. host countries for achievement these technologies and resources have to cooperate with foreign and international companies.  different contractual frameworks are used in conjunction with obtaining these technologies and c...

One of the objectives of OPEC is the security of demand for the crude oil exports of its members. Achieving this objective is imperative with the projected decline in OECD countries' crude oil demand among other crude oil demand shocks. This paper focuses on determining the external crude oil demand security risks of OPEC member states. In assessing these risks, this study introduces two indexe...