In recent years, organizations such as the International Olympic Committee have created regulations to allow those athletes who have undergone gender reassignment to compete in their chosen gender. Despite these rules, there is still a widespread belief that transgender female athletes have an inherent advantage over 46,XX female competitors. Until now, there has not been any published data, ba...

Athletes participating in elite sports are exposed to high training loads and increasingly saturated competition calendars. Emerging evidence indicates that poor load management is a major risk factor for injury. The International Olympic Committee convened an expert group to review the scientific evidence for the relationship of load (defined broadly to include rapid changes in training and co...

Anabolic steroids form one of the important classes of doping agents and their consumption has been found to give benefits to the athletes. Inspite of the fact that they also produce adverse effects and damage several organs and systems, their consumption is continuously increasing in competitive games. The World Anti-Doping Agency and International Olympic Committee have banned the use of anab...

*International Ice Hockey Federation, Zurich, Switzerland; †Neurosurgery Service & Sports Medicine Service, Emerson Hospital, Concord, Massachusetts, and National Center for Catastrophic Sports Injury Research, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, U.S.A.; ‡FIFA Medical Research and Assessment Center (F-MARC), and Schulthess Clinic, Zurich, Switzerland; §FIFA Medical Research and Assessment Center (F-MA...

In the last decade, injury prevention has received a lot of attention in sports medicine, and recently international sports-governing bodies, such as the International Olympic Committee, declared the protection of the athletes' health as one of their major objectives. In 1994, the Fédération Internationale de Football Association (FIFA) established its Medical Assessment and Research Centre (F-...

A day after the London 2012 Bid Committee succeeded in bringing the Olympic Games to Britain using the slogan “the world in one city”, a series of coordinated suicide bomb attacks occurred across London (7/7). In one day, Britain’s somewhat beleaguered multiculturalism went from prompting national celebrations to being decried as “dead” by politicians and commentators alike. Against a backdrop ...

By LEE DORLAND Daily Iowan Report.r The Associated Residence HaUs (ARH) Judicial Board has been temporarily suspended, ARH President Doug Couto, Ba, announced Thursday at a dormitory rules discussion in Hillcrest. All dorm residents \ViIl be without a disciplinary board until the ARH Judicial Committee recommends which student code the board should enforce. The committee plans to recommend .t a...

This paper explores an optimal personnel organization problem of monetary policy committees. First, I construct an analytically tractable model for monetary policy analysis which starts from decision-making in the monetary policy committee. Using the model, I investigate the relationship between preference heterogeneity among the committee members and the optimal structure of the monetary polic...

Contract bridge occupies nowadays a position of great prestige being, together with chess, the only mind sports officially recognized by the International Olympic Committee. In the present paper an innovative method for assessing the total performance of bridge-players’ belonging to groups of special interest (e.g. different bridge clubs during a tournament, men and women, new and old players, ...

This work proposes a model to evaluate systems regarding their resilience in handling unexpected disturbances. To exemplify the use of the proposed model, we chose to analyze the World Youth Day (WID), an important event on the global scenario that happened this year in Rio de Janeiro, a city which will host big events in the next few years, like the World Cup and the Olympic Games. From this e...